BIOA01H F - Module 3: Lecture 05

Cellular Respiration

A series of catabolic reactions that convert energy in fuel molecules into ATP.

Glycolysis

The partial oxidation of glucose, resulting in the production of pyruvate, ATP, and reduced electron carriers.

Pyruvate Oxidation

The process in which pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl-CoA, connecting glycolysis to the citric acid cycle.

Citric Acid Cycle

The complete oxidation of fuel molecules, resulting in the generation of ATP and reduced electron carriers.

Oxidative Phosphorylation

The process in which electron carriers release their electrons, causing the production of large amounts of ATP.

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that stores and releases energy for cellular processes.

Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

The synthesis of ATP through a hydrolysis reaction driven by an enzyme/substrate complex.

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

Reactions in which oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons.

Electron Carriers

Molecules such as NAD+ and FAD that carry electrons during cellular respiration.

Mitochondria

Organelles that contain an inner and outer membrane and are the site of cellular respiration.

Acetyl-CoA Synthesis

The process in which pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-CoA within the mitochondria.

ATP Synthase

A molecular machine composed of two subunits, F0 and F1, that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP.