When is scientific notation used?
express very big or very small numbers
when you are putting a number into scientific notation and the number becomes bigger than the original, is the exponent negative or positive
negative
when you are putting a number into scientific notation and the number becomes smaller than the original, is the exponent negative or positive
positive
what do line graphs. show
continuous change
do you use the line of best fit or connect the dota method in chem
line of best fit
what are the 5 elements of a good graph
title (x vs y)
labeled axis w units
neat
use available space
line of best fit
x and y are directly proportional. if X goes up, what happens to Y
Y goes up (and vice versa)
x and y are inversely proportional. what happens to Y when X goes down
Y goes up
define accuracyy
how close the measurements are to the actual value
define precision
how well the measurements can be repeated —> clumping
t/f precision only involves one trial
f it involves many trys/trials
what is systemic error
reduces accuracy; error with the instrument/tool ; like the clock always being 3 minutes fast
what is a random error
reduces precision; error made by a person
When are zeros significant?
-zeros in the middle of a number -zeros at the end of a number with a decimal point
What is an exact number?
number derived by counting or by definition
what is a measured number?
a number determined by using a measuring device
What is the sig fig rule for addition and subtraction?
answer should have the amount of decimal places as the least amount used
What is the sig fig rule for multiplication and division?
answer should have the same amount of sig figs as the least amount used
Kilo value
10^3
Deci value
10^-1
Centi value
10^-2
Mili value
10^-3
Micro value
10^-6
Nano value
10^-9
formula for area
Length x Width
Formula for volume
length x width x height
What is standard temperature
273 K and 0'C
What is standard pressure
1 atm, 101.3kPa, 760 mm Hg
Converting K to C equation
C= K - 273
Converting C to K
K= C + 273
Celsius/Farenheit conversion
F= 1.8C + 32
Equation for density
Mass/volume
What are the two typical units for density
g/cm^3 (solids) and g/mL (fluids)
2 methods of finding volume
Formula
Water displacement
What is the density of water
1 g/mL or 1 g/cm3
What is the SI unit for the amount of a substance
Mole
6.02x10^23 particles =
1 mol
T/f number of particles = number of atoms
T
1 mL= ?L
0.001 L
1ml=?cm^3
1
1 L= ?dm^3
1
1 cm= ?mm
10
How many cm are in an inch
2.54
Which standard unit has a prefix
Kilogram
What are the standard units for volume
Cm^3 and mL
What are the standard units for length
Meters (m)
What are the standard units for mass
Grams (g)
If you have a cup of 5 mL of water, should you remeasure it in a 10 mL graduated cylinder or 20 mL graduated cylinder
10 mL bc dealing with a smaller range tool will be easier to read
Is density extensive or intensive
Intensive
Is density a physical or chemical property
Physical
What is the conversion order when dealing with mols, atoms, mass, and particles
Mass (g), mols (mol), particles, atoms
Percent error formula
E-A/A X 100
If a graph is a hyperbola, is it inverse or direct
Direct
If a product is a constant, is it inverse or direct
Inverse
Is density inverse or direct
Inverse