BIO REDEMP SIA

Negative Feedback Loop – Response to Cold Weather

What is the malfunction to homeostasis when a person has Type 1 diabetes?

The pancreas cannot produce insulin due to destruction of beta cells

blood glucose cannot be lowered, disrupting glucose homeostasis.

: Can carnivores absorb nutrients from plants as well as herbivores? Why or why not?

No. Carnivores can’t digest cellulose effectively

because they lack the enzymes and gut microbes that herbivores have.

What are the differences in the digestive systems of herbivores and carnivores?

• Herbivores:

  • Long digestive tract

  • Large cecum or multi-chambered stomach

  • Microbes to break down cellulose

• Carnivores:

  • Short digestive tract

  • Small or no cecum

  • Stomach adapted for protein and fat digestion

What part of the digestive system absorbs nutrients, what structural feature helps with this, and how does it work?

The small intestine.
Villi and microvilli.
Villi increase surface area so more nutrients can be absorbed. Capillaries carry the nutrients into the blood

What is the process of transpiration in plants?

Transpiration is when water evaporates from the leaves through the stomata.

This pulls more water up from the roots through the xylem.

This movement is called the transpiration stream.

What is chemical and mechanical digestion, and what is the difference between them?

Mechanical digestion breaks food into smaller pieces physically, like chewing in the stomach.

Chemical digestion breaks food down using enzymes and acids into smaller molecules.

Difference:
Mechanical = physical change
Chemical = chemical change using enzymes

Where would the receptor be for a hydrophobic hormone?

Inside the cell — in the cytoplasm or nucleus.
because hydrophobic hormones can pass through the cell membrane.

What is a treatment for Type 1 diabetes?

Insulin injections

insulin pump to control blood glucose levels.

What does insulin do with glucose?

It helps cells absorb glucose from the blood for energy lowering bloody sugar level

How does hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature affect substances in the nephron tubule?

Hydrophilic dissolve in water and are reabsorbed

hydrophobic do not dissolve well and aren’t easily reabsorbed.