Common Computing Devices and Using a Workstation

Flashcards in the FILL_IN_THE_BLANK style.

An Information Technology (IT) system is one that __.

processes, stores, and transfers information

Information can be represented in an IT system using nothing more complicated than __.

the binary digits one and zero

Three elements are required for a computer to perform useful tasks: __.

hardware, software, and the computer's user

Parts connected to the computer are referred to as __.

peripheral devices

A basic software environment is established by the computer's __.

Operating System (OS)

When a user selects a command, the software application receives the command and converts it into a series of instructions, which are stored in system memory, commonly referred to as __.

Random Access Memory (RAM)

The __ retrieves each instruction or data file from memory and processes it.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

When the computer receives data entered by the user through peripheral devices, such as mice, keyboards, scanners, cameras, and microphones it is called __.

input

When data is written to memory and manipulated by the CPU, acting on instructions from the operating system and applications software it is __.

processing

When processed data is shown or played to the user through a monitor or loudspeaker system it is called __.

output

When data may be written to different types of storage devices, such as hard disks or optical discs, because data stored in most types of system memory is only preserved while the computer is powered on it is called __.

storage

The IBM PC was based on a microprocessor or Central Processing Unit (CPU) designed by __.

Intel

The IBM PC was based on a microprocessor, also called the __ architecture or platform.

x86

As the miniaturization of electronics continues, many ordinary appliances and systems are being designed with processing and communications capabilities, creating an __.

Internet of Things (IoT)

A workstation type of PC is housed in a case that can sit on or under a desk. Consequently, they are often referred to as __.

desktop PCs

Some of a PC's components are attached to a __ contained within the computer's case.

motherboard

The quality of peripherals such as the display, mouse, and keyboard make the computer more comfortable to use is referred to as __.

ergonomics

Desktop PCs can also be purchased as __ units, where the computer components are contained within the monitor case.

all-in-one

A __ is any computer providing services to other computers, but usually the term implies a powerful computer that supports a number of users simultaneously in a computer network.

server

Server systems are made __ by specifying high quality components and also by using extra copies of components for redundancy.

fault tolerant

A __ computer is one that integrates the display, system components, and input/output devices within a single, portable case (or chassis).

laptop

Laptops use __ to provide lightweight, slimline screens that are built into the case.

flat-panel display technologies

The term __ is used for laptops meeting a particular Intel specification for performance, size/weight, and battery life.

Ultrabook

Most companies producing PCs and laptops are referred to as __.

Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM)

A __ is a device with roughly the same functionality as a personal computer that can be held in one hand.

smartphone

Previous handheld computers, known as __ and earlier types of mobile phones with some software functionality (feature phones), were hampered by clumsy user interfaces.

Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)

Smartphones sized between the 5" and 7" form factors are often called __.

phablets

The __ refers to a world in which many different types of things are embedded with processing and networking functionality.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Pretty much anything from a clock to an alarm system or a refrigerator can be controlled over the Internet by __ software, if the appliance or device is smart.

home automation

Modern motor vehicles may have embedded systems for navigation using __ to identify the vehicle's precise location.

Global Positioning Systems (GPS)

Another rapidly developing sector is that of __.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)

A __ contains many of the same components as a workstation, but is designed to be operated by a gaming pad rather than a keyboard and mouse.

Gaming console

The main risks associated with computer equipment are __.

electrical and trip hazards

If the computer has just been delivered, allow at least __ for the components to adjust to room temperature.

30-60 minutes

Use any available __ features to keep wiring tidy and ensure it does not pose a trip hazard.

cable management

You start a computer by pressing the __.

power switch

When you use the laptop for the first time, you will probably have to connect it to the building power supply using the supplied __ to charge the battery.

AC adapter

__ is the study of factors affecting the performance of people at work.

Ergonomics

__ is a condition that occurs when the same task is carried out repeatedly for a long period, making use of the same muscles continuously.

Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)

When using a keyboard, keep your forearms parallel with the keyboard. It will help if you learn to __.

touch-type

If you need to type a lot of text from a source document, use a __ to position the source text at eye-level rather than flat on the desk.

copyholder

The main function of an __ such as Microsoft Windows is to provide a stable environment for different software applications to work together.

Operating System

The computer performs a __ to check that the main components work and then loads Windows.

Power-On Self-Test (POST)

Windows 10 uses a feature called __ to provide support for sign in by using a PIN or by using biometrics, such as fingerprint scanning or facial recognition.

Windows Hello

The __ contains several tools to help you start and switch between software applications and can contain shortcut icons used to open applications, folders, and files.

desktop

The __ is principally used to manage open windows (applications and files).

taskbar

You can click the __ button to list running programs.

Task View

The taskbar also contains __ icons for frequently used programs, such as email and web browser. These items always remain on the taskbar.

pinned

The __ on the right-hand side of the taskbar displays the current time and icons for programs that run without a window.

Notification Area

On a __, swiping in from the right of the screen is another way of showing notifications.

touchscreen