chemical nomenclature

how do you name a main group metal + non-metal

metal ion’s name doesn’t change and is said first

nonmetal’s name ends in -ide

polyatomic ions definition

two or more non-metal atoms with one overall charge

oxyanion

negatively charged ion (anion) that contains at least one oxygen atom bonded to another element

most commonly ends in -ate

how to name an oxyanion with one less O

the -ate suffix is changed to -ite

note: the charge of the oxyanion doesn’t change, only the number of oxygens

how to name an oxyanion with one extra oxygen

the prefix "per-" is added to the name and the suffix remains "-ate."

how to name an oxyanion with two less oxygen

the prefix "hypo-" is added to the name and the suffix is changed to "-ite."

transition metal + nonmetal

first state transition metal, then charge of transition metal in roman numerals, then the name of the nonmetal with its ending changed to -ide.

naming covalent compounds

covalent = nonmetal + nonmetal

use prefixes for the number of atoms of each element

• only use mono for the second element, not the first

second element ends in “ide”

name the acid when the anion ends in -ide

add prefix “hydro-” and suffix “-ic”

name the acid when the anion ends in -ate

change suffix to "-ic"

name the acid when the anion ends in -ite

change suffix to "-ous"

“ide” suffix is used for…

• simple anions formed from nonmetals (ex: Cl^- → chloride)

• binary compounds (2 elements), both ionic and covalent

• note: oxyanions do not use “ide”

“ate” suffix is used for…

• oxyanions with more oxygen

“ite” suffix is used for…

• oxyanions with less oxygen