ITEC 3230 - L5: Design Process: Prototyping

Prototyping

Creating preliminary models of user interfaces.

Conceptual Model

High-level description of system organization.

Metaphors

Familiar concepts used to explain interfaces.

Interaction Types

Different methods of user-system interaction.

Instructing

Issuing commands and selecting options.

Conversing

Interacting as if having a conversation.

Manipulating

Interacting with objects by manipulation.

Exploring

Moving through virtual or physical environments.

Interface Styles

Various methods for user interaction with systems.

Command Language

User types commands in an artificial language.

Direct Manipulation

Physical actions replace complex command syntax.

Menus and Forms

Structured options for user selection.

Voice Interaction

Using voice commands for system interaction.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Visual interface allowing user interaction.

Augmented Reality

Overlaying digital information on the real world.

Gesture Interaction

Using body movements to control interfaces.

Undo Functionality

Allows users to reverse actions taken.

Recycle Bin

Temporary storage for deleted items.

Wizards

Guided interfaces for user tasks.

Chat Bots

Automated systems for conversational interaction.

Recognition vs Recall

Recognition aids memory; recall requires retrieval.

Prototyping

Creating preliminary models for design evaluation.

Interaction styles

Different ways users interact with systems.

Speech dialog

Natural language communication between user and system.

User involvement

Engaging users in the design process.

Participatory design

Collaborative design approach with user participation.

Usability testing

Evaluating a product by testing it with users.

Field testing

Testing in real-world environments.

High fidelity prototyping

Detailed and functional prototypes resembling final product.

Low fidelity prototyping

Basic prototypes using simple materials for concepts.

Task-centered system design

Design focused on user tasks and goals.

Heuristic evaluation

Expert review of usability based on principles.

User-centered design

Design approach prioritizing user needs and experiences.

Iterative test and redesign

Repeated testing and refining of designs.

Mockups

Visual representations of design concepts.

Needs analysis

Identifying user requirements for effective design.

Task analysis

Breaking down user tasks for better understanding.

Function allocation

Deciding which tasks are performed by users or systems.

System layout

Organizing components for optimal user interaction.

Graphical screen design

Visual layout of user interface elements.

Acceptance testing

Final evaluation to ensure user satisfaction.

Evaluation stages

Assessing design effectiveness at various phases.

Psychology of everyday things

Understanding user behavior and expectations in design.

Throw-away paper prototypes

Temporary models used for quick feedback.

Sketching

Low-fidelity representation of design ideas.

Low-fidelity prototype

Basic mock-up for early design concepts.

Medium-fidelity prototype

Computer-based simulation with limited features.

High-fidelity prototype

Detailed and functional representation of final design.

Vertical prototyping

Focus on specific features in isolation.

Horizontal prototyping

Broad overview of multiple features at once.

Scenario prototyping

Simulates user interaction in specific contexts.

Storyboarding

Series of sketches illustrating user interaction.

PICTIVE

Collaborative design using sticky notes and overlays.

Task-centered walkthrough

Evaluates user tasks through interface exploration.

Heuristic evaluation

Expert review to identify usability issues.

Usability testing

User testing to assess interface effectiveness.

Alpha test

Initial testing phase with limited users.

Beta test

Testing phase with broader user group.

Attributes of sketches

Quick, disposable, and exploratory design tools.

Crude sketches

Focus on high-level concepts rather than details.

Interface style

Visual design elements of a user interface.

Screen design

Arrangement of visual elements on a display.

User reactions

Feedback from users on design concepts.

Design modifications

Changes made based on user feedback.

Limited field testing

Testing in real-world conditions with constraints.

Interaction demonstration

Showcasing how users interact with prototypes.

Management perception

Risk of stakeholders believing prototypes are final.

Vertical Prototype

Focuses on in-depth functionality of few features.

Horizontal Prototype

Simulates full interface without underlying functionality.

Throw-away Prototype

Rapidly created to elicit user feedback.

Incremental Prototype

Built as separate components, tested individually.

Evolutionary Prototype

Iteratively altered to incorporate design changes.

Scripted Simulation

User follows a tight script for interaction.

Interface Builders

Tools for designing layouts of common widgets.

Figma

Design tool for creating user interfaces.

Axure

Prototyping tool for interactive wireframes.

Balsamiq

Rapid wireframing tool for low-fidelity prototypes.

Invision

Platform for creating interactive prototypes from designs.

Proto.io

Mobile prototyping platform for interactive designs.

Wizard of Oz

Testing method simulating a non-existent system.

Storyboard

Visual sequence illustrating user interaction scenarios.

Media Tools

Software used to create interactive storyboards.

Control Panel

Interface for managing system operations and settings.

User Inputs

Actions taken by users to interact with prototypes.

Simulation

Imitation of real system behavior for testing.

Rich Graphical Interfaces

Complex interfaces with advanced visual elements.

Fixed Uses

Predefined scenarios with no allowed deviations.

Coolant Flow

Measurement of coolant percentage in a system.

Retardant

Substance used to slow down a process.

Wizard of Oz

Human simulates system response for testing.

Human Wizard

Interprets user input via an algorithm.

Mock Interface

Simulated interface used in testing scenarios.

Vertical Functionality

Simulated features for complex system testing.

Design Principles

Guidelines for creating effective user interfaces.

Simplicity

Design should be straightforward and clear.

Learnability

Ease with which users can learn the system.

Affordances

Design elements suggesting their usage.

Mapping

Relationship between controls and their effects.

Feedback

User responses indicating system status or actions.

Visibility

Clarity of available actions in the interface.