Neurons and Neuroglia Histology

Dendrites

What is #1?

• Branchlike processes that extends from the neuron cell body and functions as a contact for incoming signals (synapses) from other neurons or sensory cells.

Soma

What’s #2?

• Portion of the cell that contains the nucleus; the cell body as opposed to the cell processes (axon and dendrites)

Nucleus

What’s #3?

• A localized collection of neuron cell bodies that are functionally related; a “center” of neural function.

Myelination

When a neuron has a myelin sheath.

Axon Hillocks

What’s #4?

• Tapering of the neuron cell body that gives rise to the axon.

Myelin Sheath

What’s #5?

• Lipid-rich layer of insulation that surrounds an axon, formed by oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann Cells in the PNS; facilitates the transmission of electrical signals.

Node of Ranvier

What’s #6?

• Gap between two myelinated regions of an axon, allowing for strengthening of the electrical signal as it propagates down the axon.

Axon Terminal

What’s #7?

• End of the axon, where there are usually several branches extending toward the target cell.

Axon

What’s #8?

• Single process of the neuron that carries an electrical signal (action potential) away from the cell body toward a target cell.

Multipolar

What’s #1?

• 1 Axon

• Many dendrites

Bipolar

What’s #2?

• 1 Axon

• 1 Dendrites

• Sensory Organs

Unipolar

What’s #3?

• Axon splits into two branches that attach to the cell body.

• Sensory Neuron

Neuron

Excitable neural cell that transfer nerve impulses.

Astrocytes

What’s #2?

• Connect neurons to blood supply capillaries and help provide support.

• CNS

Oligodendrocytes

What’s #3?

• in the CNS create myeline sheaths that protect neurons and increase the conduction speed of the neural impulse

• CNS

Microglia

What’s #4?

• Provide immune system support by removing pathogens that pass through the blood-brain barrier

• CNS

Ependymal Cells

What’s #5?

• Cells help produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid

• CNS

Schwann Cells

Produce the myelin sheaths in the PNS

Satellite Cells

Glial cell types in the PNS provide support for neurons in the ganglia.

Neuroglia

• Nervous Tissue

• Support Neurons

  • Ependymal Cells

  • Oligodendrocytes

  • Astrocytes

  • Microglia

• Surround and protect neurons in the CNS.

Nucleolus

What is this?

• Contains genetic information of the cell

Mitochondria

What is this?

• Creates energy known as ATP

Nissi Bodies

What is this?

Cytoplasm

What is this?