modern psych in hist perspective - Jung

where did Jung go to medical school?

University of Basel

where did Jung do his psychiatric training?

Burgholzli Hospital

what did Jung work with Bleuler on?

schizophrenia

where did Jung have a fellowship?

Salpetriere Hospital in Paris under Prof. Pierre Janet

where was Jung a lecturer?

Zurich University

when did Jung first visit Freud?

1907

who was the first president of the International Psychoanalytical Association?

Carl Jung

when did Jung end his friendship and collaboration with Freud?

1913

what did Jung do after he ended his friendship with Freud?

had a crisis, suspended teaching and clinical work, and traveled to India to study Buddhism and Hinduism

what did Jung do when he returned to Europe from India?

resumed teaching at Zurich University, psychoanalytic practice, and painting

which universities awarded Jung Doctor Honoris Causa?

Oxford, Harvard, Zurich, and Calcutta

what was Jung appointed as at the University of Basel?

Professor (Chair) of medical psychology

what was the zeitgeist in Europe in the time of Jung?

widespread beliefs in the afterlife and attempts to communicate with the dead

who were Jung’s grandfathers?

an occultist who conducted seances to contact the dead and a physician who claimed to be an illegitimate grandson of Goethe

what were Jung’s philosophical influences?

dialectical view of reality: Yin-Yang concept and Hegelian philosophy (everything contains its negation)

what kind of view does Jung have of the universe?

a holistic view of the interconnected universe across physical and spiritual realms

how did Jung think the universe was organized?

according to meaning and everything carries a symbolic significance which is self-organizing, creative, and inherently positive

how is Jung’s perspective on the universe similar to Leibniz’s monadology?

everything contains a degree of consciousness, through mutual mirroring, all things remain in synchrony

what was Jung’s view of opposites?

the interplay of opposites generates the energy needed to create and sustain systems

what does mental energy arise from according to Jung?

the interplay of opposing forces

what is individuation?

the process of mental growth and development of unique self

what does Jung believe the process of becoming aware of one’s uniqueness in the Universe requires?

the integration of opposing forces

what is the final integration for Jung?

individuation

why does Jung believe individuation is important?

it’s the end of inner division and fragmentation, and if achieved, makes human life truly fulfilled

which Aristotelian concepts was Jung inspired by?

entelechia, eudemonia, and the cultivation of virtues (arete) and self-perfection

what is entelechia?

the transition from potentiality to actuality

what is eudaimonia?

the pride and happiness born of a fulfilled, meaningful life

what did Jung believe god-humans symbolized?

ideas of self-fulfillment, self-realization, or individuation

what is Jung’s cosmology?

the spiritual aspect of the Universe and God are eternal, the Collective Unconscious is archaic but not eternal, the voice of the Collective Unconscious is distinct from religious revelations of divine Providence

what is Jung’s Collective Unconscious?

the history of impersonal experiences is collected by the entire human race (ancestors) and inherited as the Collective Unconscious

what happens to experiences in the process of individuation?

personal experiences are gradually integrated with impersonal experiences

what are Jung’s aspects of the human psyche and mind?

the personal conscious, the personal unconscious, and the collective unconscious

what does the Personal Conscious (Psyche) contain?

conscious sensations, perceptions, thoughts, memories, opinions, plans, feelings, and desires, conscious parts of attitudes, and conscious parts of functions

what is the center of the personal conscious?

the ego, which provides a sense of identity and continuity of daily experiences in the first part of life

what happens to the ego during individuation?

it’s gradually transformed into the individual self

what does the Personal Unconscious consist of?

forgotten personal experiences, sensory impressions too weak to reach awareness, repressed memories or desires, unconscious parts of attitudes and functions, and complexes

what are attitudes?

introversion and extraversion

what are the different kinds of functions?

rational and irrational

what are the rational functions?

feeling and thinking

what are the irrational functions?

sensing and intuiting

how is the Collective Unconscious expressed?

in the form of archetypes and instincts

how does the Collective Unconscious operate?

through non-verbal symbols embedded in dreams, intuitive insights, sudden illuminations, choices and actions, and artistic creation

what are intuitions in the Collective Unconscious?

represent the essence of objects and events perceived by human ancestors over millennia

what is the origin of intuitions in the Collective Unconscious?

long and repetitive experiences of human ancestors

how are intuitions in the Collective Unconscious transmitted?

emblemized within the psyche and inherited across generations in the form of archetypes and instincts

what are Jung’s archetypes?

intuitive orientations, predispositions to experience and apprehend the world and oneself

what is the shadow archetype an intuition of?

survival

what is Jung’s shadow archetype analogous to in Freud’s work?

id

what is the anima/animus archetype an intuition of?

gender and sexuality

what is the persona archetype an intuition of?

appearing as “somebody” to others

what is Jung’s persona analogous to in Freud’s work?

superego

what is the self archetype an intuition of?

individual uniqueness in the Universe

what are humans defined by?

biological genes and spiritual archetypes

what is the Shadow archetype a source of?

survival intuitions and spontaneity

what is the Shadow archetype balanced by?

the Persona and rational functions

what happens if the Shadow archetype is not balanced?

behavior becomes spontaneous, wild, egoistic, sometimes asocial or antisocial

what is the Persona archetype the source of?

social roles (“masks”) and rituals

what is the Persona archetype balanced by?

the Shadow and emotional functions

what happens if the Persona archetype is not balanced?

behavior becomes pretended, rigid, obsessive, perfectionistic, acting according to expectations rather than genuine feelings

what is the anima/animus archetype the source of?

appreciation of own biological and social identity and of the opposite sex

how is the Anima archetype balanced?

Shadow provides spontaneity and Persona restrains it within social rules

how does too strong animus archetype manifest in a female?

makes her a warrior

how does too strong anima archetype manifest in a male?

makes him narcissistic, moody, catty, and bitchy

what is Jung’s method of amplification?

you and your therapist interpret a repetitive aspect in your dreams to get at the deeper meaning sent by the Collective Unconscious

what is Jung’s synchronicity?

the Collective Unconscious synchronizes your dreams with real-life events, giving sense of deja vu or psychic powers

what does the Tibetan mandala symbolize for Jung?

the wholeness of the Universe