chapter 5

Paleolithic era

25,000 - 8,000 BCE

Old Stone Age; hunters and gatherers

Bison with Turned Head

11,000 BCE

La Madeleine, France
reindeer antler

African Rock Painting

2000—1000 BCE

Tassili n’Ajjer

Mesolithic

10,000—7,000 BCE

Middle Stone Age; earliest local, permanent food sources

Neolithic

8,000 BCE

New Stone Age; polished stone tools, agriculture

Hall of Bulls

Lascaux, France

15,000—10,000 BCE

Witchetty Grub Dreaming

Paddy Carroll Tjungurrayi

1980

paint on canvas

→ aboriginal origin of life + sustenance

Tyi Wara Dance Headdresses

Bambana people, Mali

→ mythic antelopes that brought agriculture

There Is No Escape

Sue Coe

1987

watercolor and graphite on paper

→ critique industrial food indsutry

Women at the Fountain House

Priam painter; Archaic Greek

520—510 BCE

ceramic Greek Hydria (style)

→ water jug

Three-Legged Ting with Cover

Zhou Dynasty, China

500 BCE

cast bronze

→ rituals; receive blessings from dead ancestors

Archaic (Greek)

700—500 BCE

period where artwork in Greece shifted from abstract decoration to nature-based or figurative

Basket

1890—1910

Pomo tribe

clamshells, woodpecker feathers, quail feathers, tree materials

quatrefoil

2 definitions

1. shape of 4-leafed clover in architectural plans

   1. niche containing relief sculpture

Palm Wine Calabash

late 1800s

Bamileke people, Cameroon

beads, cloth, gourd, cowrie shells

Saltcellar

1500s

Afro-Portuguese, Sierra Leone

ivory

Heinz 57 Tomato Ketchup and Del Monte Freestone Peach Halves

1964

Andy Warhol

silk screen on wood

A Table of Desserts

Jan Davidsz de Heem

1640

oil on canvas

vanitas

impermanence of all earthly things

Pie Counter

Wayne Thiebaud

1963

oil on canvas

→ food as visual display, rather than nutrition

Six Persimmons

Southern Song Dynasty, Kyoto

1200s

Mu-Qi

→ zen buddhism; empty space

Silver Representation of a Maize Plant

Inca, Peru

1430—1532

silver

Artichoke, Halved

Edward Weston

1930

photograph

Halibut Feast Dish

Stan Wamiss

2005

yellow cedar on cypress

Tea Bowl

Japan, 1600s

ceramic, Satsuma ware

The Dinner Party

Judy Chicago

1974—1979

painted porcelain and needlework

→ imaginary meal celebrating significant Western women

→ feminist Last Supper

Self-Portrait with Model

Duane Hanson

1979

painted polyester, mixed media

→ life sized

Gnaw

Janine Antoni

1992

performance art; gnawed blocks of lard + chocolate/spat out into containers

→ lard turned into lipstick, chocolate in heart candy boxes

Habitat

Moshe Safdie

1967

modular living units

→ Çatal Hüyük was prob inspo for this

→ Pueblo Bonito, too

potlatch

ritual feast for Pacific Northwest Native Americans 

Çatal Hüyük

corner of building

6000—5000 BCE

Anatolia, Turkey

→ 1-story mudbrick/timber connected houses, clustered around open courtyards

→ shrine; bull horns

Pueblo Bonito

Anasazi

1000

New Mexico

Dogon Cliff Dwelligns with Granaries

Mali

1200

House of Julius Polybius

Pompeii, Italy

100 BCE

Villa Rotunda

Andrea Palladio

1552

Vicenza, Italy

Tomb Model of a House

Eastern Han Dynasty, China

25—220

ceramic

Toba Batak House

Sumatra, Indonesia

1900s

decorated facade

shelters are made in different styles due to:

• need for protection/historical necessity

• available materials

• aesthetic choice

• following precedent

• imitating foreign styles

• symbolic importance

• self-expression

Tipi Cover

Sioux Tribe

1880

(teepee; animal hide)

Fallingwater

Frank Lloyd Wright

1936—1938

Kaufmann house

Interior of Markets of Trajan

Rome

100—112

→ multistoried complex; admin. offices, 150+ shops

→ design likely influenced by souks of Middle East

Carson Pirie Scott and Company Building

Louis H. Sullivan

1904

Chicago

U.S. Pavilion

R. Buckminster Fuller

1967 (Expo; Montreal)

Geodesic dome, diameter 250 ft

Bank of China Building

I.M. Pei and partners

1989

Hong Kong

→ resistance to international style; move away from rectangles, toward triangles/diagonals

Piazza d’Italia

Charles Moore w/ U.I.G. and Perez Associates

1975—1980

New Orleans

→ postmodernism; visually complex, individualism, fun

Broad Art Museum

Zaha Hadid

2012

University of Michigan

Xilonen, Goddess of Young Corn

Huastec, Tuxpan (Veracruz) Mexico

1000-1200

limestone

parts of Toba Batak house and their symbolic meaning:

internal spaces = maternal

the house itself = body

stilts = legs

roof = head

trapdoor = navel

elements of Fallingwater/Wright’s beliefs:

• houses should be unified wholes that merge w/ natural setting

• use local materials

• cantilevered porches (influenced from Japanese/Chinese architecture)

commercial architecture

provides shelter for the needs of business and trade

R. Buckminster Fuller

late 20th century public structures;

he believed technology could provide more affordable shelter

→ his geodesic domes were spherical networks of steel-frame tetrahedrons

→ became symbol for 20th century innovation and progress

international style

midcentury buildings; rectangular steel buildings

→ named for global prevalence in large cities

deconstructivist architecture

rejects established conventions, want to shake viewer’s expectations

• abstract sculptural buildings