Chemical Bonding Flashcards

Flashcards to help you understand chemical bonding.

Ionic Bonding

Involves a transfer of electrons; one element loses electrons and the other gains electrons.

Covalent Bonding

Involves a sharing of electrons; atoms will share in order to reach a stable electron configuration.

Octet Rule

Atoms will gain or lose enough electrons to make them isoelectronic with a noble gas, typically resulting in 8 electrons in their valence shell (except for H and He).

Electron Dot Structures

A way to show the number of valence electrons in an atom.

Valence Electrons

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that determine its chemical properties.

Chemical Reactivity

Elements in the same group behave similarly due to having the same number of valence electrons.

Ionic Bond

Formed from the attraction between positive and negative ions.

Formula Unit

The lowest whole number ratio of ions in an ionic compound.

Crystal

A 3D, repeating pattern of alternating positive and negative ions in an ionic compound.

• Ion

Positive charge on an ion, resulting from the loss of electrons.

• Ion

Negative charge on an ion, resulting from the gain of electrons.

Oxidation

Losing electrons

Reduction

Gaining electrons

Alkali Metals

Elements in group 1 with a +1 charge

Alkaline Earth Metals

Elements in group 2 with a +2 charge

Halogens

Elements in group 17 with a -1 charge

Noble Gasses

Elements in group 18 with a 0 charge, full valence shell

Valence Electrons

Determines chemical reactivity

p-block

Elements in groups 13-16

s-block

Elements in groups 1-2