Nucleophilic Substitution and Ozone Depletion

These flashcards cover key concepts related to nucleophilic substitution reactions, elimination reactions, and ozone depletion as discussed in the lecture.

Halogenoalkanes contain polar bonds due to _ being more electronegative than carbon atoms.

Halogens

Nucleophiles are species that are _ liking and contain a lone electron pair.

positive

Common nucleophiles include CN-, NH3, and _.

OH-

During nucleophilic substitution, the nucleophile attacks the _ carbon.

∂+

The mechanism that produces alcohols or amines from halogenoalkanes is called _.

Nucleophilic Substitution

The greater the Mr of the halogen in the polar bond, the _ the bond enthalpy.

lower

Nucleophilic substitution reactions can only occur for and halogenoalkanes.

primary (1o) and secondary (2o)

In elimination reactions, the nucleophile acts as a base and accepts a _ atom.

proton

Elimination reactions only occur from and halogenoalkanes.

secondary (2o) and tertiary (3o)

CFCs contribute to ozone depletion by breaking down carbon-halogen bonds to form _ that catalyse ozone depletion.

free radicals

CFC-free solvents help minimise _ depletion and global warming.

ozone