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4.6
the universe is made of ____ baryonic matter
13.8 billion
how old is the universe
gaseous clouds dust rocks
what are the 3 main component of the universe
lithium is being absorbed by the stars
the reason why oxygen is more abundant today than lithium
24
the universe is made of ____ cold dark matter
71,4
the universe is made of ____ dark energy
dark energy
the reason of the expansion of thr universe
star
the building block of galaxies-are born out of clouds of gas
sun
belongs to the so-called “main sequence stars.”
galaxies
Cities of stars
galaxies
composed of billions of stars
spiral
It looks like a pinwheel, Milky Way is one.
barred spiral
looks like a pinwheel that has elongated middle
elliptical
Older galaxies, more disc shaped
irregular
galaxies that have no particular shape.
solar system
consists of an average star we call the Sun, planets, asteroids, comets, and satellites
quasars
The brightest objects in the Universe. It gives off more energy than 100’s of galaxies combined
universe
What is the largest of the three: universe, galaxy, and solar system?
solar system
What is the smallest of the three: universe, galaxy, and solar system?
gaseous clouds and dust
What are stars born out of?
main sequence star
What is the Sun's classification as a star?
pinwheel
What does a spiral galaxy look like?
sun
What is at the center of the solar system?
black hole
A region of space with a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape.
stars
Cosmic energy engines that produce heat, light, ultraviolet rays, and other forms of radiation.
quasars
Extremely bright and distant celestial objects.
edwin hubble
Who discovered the redshift as evidence for the expanding universe?
creationist theory
propose that a divine being created the universe.
big bang theory
The universe originated from a single, extremely dense and hot point.
steady state
The universe has always existed and maintains a constant density.
pulsating
The universe undergoes repeating cycles of expansion and contraction.
redshift
the discovery of Edwin Hubble of ____ as evidence for expanding the universe.
cosmology
study of the universe including its properties structure and evolution.
red
this color signifies high wavelength but low frequency and energy
violet
this color signifies high frequency and enrgy but low wavelength
nebular hypothesis
What is the widely accepted model for the formation of the Solar System?
jupiter
What is the largest planet in the solar system?
8
How many planets are there in the solar system?
pluto
Which planet is known as a dwarf planet?
rotation
the spinning of a body on its axis
revolution
the motion of a body around a point, especially around another body.
88
What is the orbital period of Mercury?
0
How many natural satellites does Mercury have?
243
What is the orbital period of Venus?
luna
the name of Earth's natural satellite
phobos and deimos
the names of Mars' natural satellites
16
How many moons does Jupiter have?
12 years
What is the orbital period of Jupiter?
2 years
What is the orbital period of Mars?
ganymede callisto europa io
Name the 4 largest moons of Jupiter.
29 ½ years
What is the orbital period of Saturn?
165
How many moons does Saturn have?
thetys calypso telesto
Name the 3 moons sharing the same orbit in Saturn's system.
titan
Which moon is the largest in Saturn's system?
84 years
What is the orbital period of Uranus?
17
How many moons does Uranus have?
titania
Which moon is the largest in Uranus's system?
165 years
What is the orbital period of Neptune?
8
How many moons does Neptune have?
triton
Which moon is the largest in Neptune's system?
neroid
Which moon is the smallest in Neptune's system?
gravitational pull
What causes the collapse of the nebula in the nebular hypothesis?
tidal
From the substance torn out of the sun due to the gravitational attraction of a speeding massive star passing near the sun.
planetesimal
The collision of a star creating huge tides on the surface of our sun.
geocentric theory
Earth is the center of the Universe.
aristotle
Whose idea did Claudius Ptolemy accept regarding the movement of the Sun and planets?
heliocentric
It is a sun-centered cosmology.
copernicus
Who proposed the heliocentric theory?
ptolemy
Who proposed the geocentric theory?
heliocentric
What model of the Solar System did Galileo Galilei support?
geocentric
What did Nicolaus Copernicus disregard?
1604
When did Galileo make his first known Astronomical observation?
redshift
What evidence did Edwin Hubble provide for the expanding universe?
geocentric
What did Sir Isaac Newton support?
planetesimal
Which theory was formed due to collision of star?
big bang theory
theory that is supported by substantial evidence such as the cosmic microwave background radiation and the observed expansion of the universe.
crust
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
mantle
What is the layer beneath the crust called?
iron and nickel
What is the core of the Earth made of?
lithosphere
Which layer of the Earth is divided into several pieces called tectonic plates?
land water air
What are the components of the Earth?
temperature atmosphere energy tectonic plates
What are the factors that make the Earth habitable?
continental oceanic
Name the two types of crust found on Earth.
denser to less dense
How is the density arranged from the core to the crust?
discontinuity
What is the boundary between the layers called?
moho
discontinuity that lies Within the lithosphere
s waves
What type of waves cannot penetrate the Earth's core?
gutenberg
S waves cannot penetrate
close system
A system in which there is only an exchange of heat or energy and no exchange of matter.
athmosphere
The thin gaseous layer that envelopes the lithosphere.
geosphere
What is the term for the solid part of the Earth?
biosphere
All life forms on Earth and all ecosystems, from soil to rainforest, mangroves to coral reefs, and from the ocean surface to the deep sea.
ecosystem
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
hydrosphere
What is the term for the continuous movement of water on Earth?
evaporation
What is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas?
condensation
What is the process by which water vapor changes into liquid water?
precipitation
What is the process by which water falls to the Earth's surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail?
transpiration
What is the process by which water is given off through the leaves of plants?
infiltration
What is the process by which water seeps into the soil?
surface runoff
What is the process by which water flows over the land surface into bodies of water?
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