comp gov final frqs

help

Describe sovereignty

Sovereignty is the authority of a state to govern itself or another state, encompassing the power to make laws, conduct foreign relations, and enforce laws within its territory without external interference.

Describe a way governments promote economic liberalization

Governments may promote economic liberalization by imposing trade agreements like NAFTA, to encourage free trade and attract foreign investment, leading to increased competition and efficiency in the economy.

Explain how economic liberalization policies can present challenges to sovereignty

Economic liberalization policies can challenge sovereignty by limiting a government's ability to regulate its economy and implement policies that protect domestic industries, as international trade agreements may impose constraints on tariffs and local regulations. In Nigeria, efforts to liberalize the oil industry, which is the biggest industry in the country, have mostly failed due to the cost of oil refineries, and as a result the government not only loses money, but they become more reliant on the cooperation of foreign agents in buying their oil.

Explain why a government might adopt economic liberalization policies despite challenges to its sovereignty.

A country could adopt economic liberalization policies to strengthen the economy, even if they lose some sovereignty. In Mexico, the NAFTA agreement makes Mexico reliant on the US and Canada’s much stronger economies, but it also brings in a lot more money than they were previously getting.

Describe a function of a judicial system.

A function of a judicial system is to interpret and apply the law, ensuring justice is served by resolving disputes, protecting individual rights, and maintaining social order.

Describe a limit on the power of the judicial system in two different AP Comparative Government and Politics course countries.

In the UK, the judiciary branch is not allowed the power of judicial review. In Iran, the judiciary branch is under direct control of the Supreme Leader and the Guardian Council, meaning that there is not a clear separation of powers between the Executive and Judicial Branches.

Explain why each of the two AP Comparative Government and Politics course countries described in (B) would limit the power of their judicial systems.

In the UK, the Executive and Legislative branches are intertwined together, so it would be unbalanced if the judicial branch could just take down whatever the executive and legislative branch passed together. Because of how their Parliament is set up, the legislators create good legislation with their Executive being directly involved in it. Parliament essentially can check and balance itself, so giving that power to the judiciary would overbalance the corrective measures in place. In Iran, everything must abide by Sh’aria (Islamic) law as well as be in line with the agenda of the Supreme Leader. Having an independent judiciary, who could disagree with the Supreme Leader, would undermine the sovereignty of the theocracy established, so the justices are especially selected to meet the Supreme Leader’s standards.

Develop an argument about whether government protections of civil liberties increase or decrease stability in a state.

• Government protections of civil liberties increase stability in a state because they establish rule of law on how people are meant to be treated.

• Protection of civil liberties in Mexico and China’s constitutions, more law and order, makes them more democratic. Rule by law in China for refutation, site that the (Xi)president’s use of the law as a weapon is unrelated to the law.