NSG 440 exam 1 (2nd set)

what is primary prevention?

before anything has happened

what is secondary prevention?

testing/screening/ short term or acute problems

What is tertiary prevention?

something has happened and its a chronic problem

What kind of Prevention is education?

can be any kind depending on the situation

What makes a community health nurse/ public health nurse different from any other nurse?

-The focus is the community as their patient (group of people but not a family, think crossroads)

What is the function of a community health nurse?

assessment, assurance (making sure something can happen/ make tings easy for the public to access), and public policy (an ordinance in place to help supply a group with something they need)

Define assessment

collection, analysis, dissemination (giving data to someone else) of the data

-be able to identify the stage of assessment

What is done during Evaluation?

check interventions to see if they were effective

Who do community based and oriented nurses work with?

Individuals and families

Community based nurse vs Community orientated?

CB: works in in one place such as a school or clinic

CO: works in areas not specific places such as a city

Define aggregate

a group that shares specific characteristics or ideas

What is the Elizabethan poor law?

Things identified in order to help and support the poor population

Medicare Vs. Medicaid

Medicare: I care for my Grandma (old people)

Medicaid: poor people

Why were school nurses originally used?

To limit the number of absenteeism which would keep the school from loosing money

Who is Mary Breckenridge?

-started frontier nursing to bring care to clients outside of cites like the Appalachians in Kentucky

What is the Shattock Report ?

fundamental document of Public health reviewed the serious health problems and grossly unsatisfactory living conditions

Who is William Rathbone?

-had a sick wife which made him want to help Florence Nightingale establish the nurse association by funding the project

What is government nursing?

through the state, has good benefits, dependent on money from taxes

Why do nurses need to volunteer?

There are not enough resources to hire them

Define health promotion

Education on ways to prevent risk factors for diseases

What are determinants of health?

-modifiable (you have the power to change it things like exercise, seatbelts, helmets, medications, supplements, and nutrition)

-non-modifiable ( you can not change it like age)

What is ethics?

right vs. wrong

what are the three principles of ethics?

-Autonomy: the right of the individual to make informed consent

-Fidelity: adherence to obligation, following through on things you said you would do

-Beneficence: doing good or acting in the best interest of someone else

Decisions are made based on what?

personal moral code

what are the decision making steps?

-Identify the ethical dilemma

-place it into a meaningful context for you

-obtain the facts

-reformulate/ change what it means to you

-consider the option

-deicide on an option

-Evaluate the Decision

What is genetics/ genomics?

gen=family history or risk factors

-this is expensive

What is the first step of patient interaction?

Introduce yourself to help establish rapport and build trust

What is Communitarianism?

connection between community and the individual (amish)

Define Deontology

Study of right and wrong seen in black and white perspective (no middle ground, think the 10 commandments)

Define principlism?

ethical decision made based on personal principles

What is Utilitarianism?

The greatest good for the greatest number

What is the correlation with health status and social economic status?

low health is realated to low economic status because there are less available resources

What is especially important for a public health nurse to do while assessing a patient?

Look at the medical and psychological factors (It is just the nurse so they must consider all aspects)

Define accessibility

convivence, how easy it is to access something (think about where to hold interventions to reach target population)

Vulnerable populations tend to have poorer ____ and _____ outcomes

morbidity, mortality

True or false:

Poverty increases teen pregnancy rates

True

what does SMI stand for

Severally mentally ill

What are the 5 vulnerable populations?

-homeless, pregnant teens, migrants, SMI, veterans

(assume anyone from this list is vulnerable unless the question specifically states some way in which they are doing good)

True or False:

Acute Illness exposure is related to being homeless

true, homeless people do not have a way to avoid elements like heat or cold

What are the 4 social economic determinants of health?

-employment, housing, food, crime

Neglect Vs. Abuse

-Neglect: not physical, related to not meeting basic needs (poor hygiene and underweight)

-Abuse: Physical (bruises, broken bones, burns)

What are wrap around services?

Multiple health services included in one visit (typically used for vulnerable populations because they are less likely to receive additional follow up care)

Who is the fastest growing homeless population

families and children (many choose to be homeless)

What are homeless people at an increased risk for?

Chronic illness, heat related sickness, injury, mental illness, dental issues