Science Bowl Round 10

One degree of latitude at the Earth's surface is equal to

how many nautical miles?

ANSWER: 60

Arrange the following 4 liquid measures from the one with

the SMALLEST volume to the LARGEST: 1.5 gallons; 128 ounces; 1 deciliter; 2 liters

ANSWER: 1 DECILITER; 2 LITERS; 128 OUNCES; 1.5 GALLONS

Cartilage belongs to which of the following animal tissues

types:

W) epithelial

X) connective

Y) nervous

Z) muscle

ANSWER: X) CONNECTIVE

Name all of the following 3 chemicals that are NOT amino acids:

glycine; methionine; adenine

ANSWER: ADENINE

Which of the following MUST change if constructive

interference occurs between two light waves:

W) compression

X) frequency

Y) amplitude

Z) speed

ANSWER: Y) AMPLITUDE

Order the following 4 colors of light from the one with the

LONGEST wavelength to the SHORTEST wavelength: orange; violet; red; yellow

ANSWER: RED; ORANGE; YELLOW; VIOLET

In which of the following climates are the WIDEST

ANNUAL temperature variations or temperature ranges most likely to occur:

W) continental polar

X) moist tropical

Y) tropical savanna

Z) mid-latitude moist continental

ANSWER: Z) MID-LATITUDE MOIST CONTINENTAL

(Solution: hot summers and cold winters; polar fronts moving northward or southward)

Which of the following is NOT true of the ozone layer:

W) beneficial stratospheric ozone is produced naturally and harmful tropospheric ozone is human made

X) the ozone molecule has 3 oxygen atoms

Y) in addition to chlorine, bromine is also responsible for combining with and breaking down the

ozone molecule

Z) holes in the ozone layer are produced by global warming

ANSWER: Z) HOLES IN THE OZONE LAYER ARE PRODUCED BY GLOBAL WARMING

Which of the following is NOT true:

W) the largest angle in a right triangle is 90º

X) each side of a regular polygon has the same length

Y) the side opposite an obtuse angle is the shortest side of a triangle

Z) a triangle can have only 1 obtuse angle

ANSWER: Y) THE SIDE OPPOSITE AN OBTUSE ANGLE IS THE SHORTEST SIDE OF A

TRIANGLE

In her first year after graduating college, Lucy earned $25,000 in her first

full-time job. Five years later her salary had risen by 300%. What is her current salary?

ANSWER: $100,000.00

Acid-base indicators are substances that change color

with changing pH and are usually derived from:

W) plants

X) animals

Y) chemical sedimentary rocks

Z) alkaline Earth metal

ANSWER: W) PLANTS

Of all the essential minerals present in the human body,

which one is the most abundant?

ANSWER: CALCIUM

How many chromosomes does a normal human gamete have?

ANSWER: 23

Which of the following is most directly responsible for the

exchange of genes during meiosis:

W) crossing over

X) kinetochores division

Y) cytokinesis

Z) alleles

ANSWER: W) CROSSING OVER

Which of the following is an electronic device that

amplifies electronic signals and was used as a switching device in the first electronic computers:

W) vacuum tubes

X) crystals

Y) potentiometers

Z) rheostats

ANSWER: W) VACUUM TUBES

Name all of the following 3 choices that are typically

considered scalar quantities: electric charge; acceleration; average speed

ANSWER: ELECTRIC CHARGE; AVERAGE SPEED

Which of the following is LEAST accurate:

W) basalt is the fine-grained equivalent of gabbro

X) any rock can be metamorphosed

Y) the chemical composition of magma primarily determines its texture

Z) a metamorphic rock produced from sandstone is quartzite

ANSWER: Y) THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MAGMA PRIMARILY DETERMINES

ITS TEXTURE

(Solution: texture is primarily determined by cooling)

What term is used to describe the resistance of lava to flow as reflected by its gas content, temperature, and chemical composition?

ANSWER: VISCOSITY

By words or number, name all of the following 3 statements which are

ALWAYS TRUE:

1) a trapezoid has a pair of parallel sides

2) two triangles with the same area have the same perimeter

3) if 2 straight lines intersect, vertical angles have the same measure

ANSWER: 1 AND 3

The following daily Fahrenheit temperatures were recorded over a 5-day

period: -15º, 2º, 0º, 13º, and -5º. Find the average daily temperature for this period, in degrees

Fahrenheit:

ANSWER: -1

Which of the following is LEAST accurate regarding

acid rain:

W) forests are not negatively impacted because they are naturally resistant to acidic pH's

X) lakes with limestone bedrock have some natural protection against acidification

Y) lakes with pH's of less than 5 are largely devoid of fish

Z) more than half the acid deposition in eastern Canada originates from U.S. emissions

ANSWER: W) FORESTS ARE NOT NEGATIVELY IMPACTED BECAUSE THEY ARE

NATURALLY RESISTANT TO ACIDIC pH'S

During the proton-proton chain that occurs during the

fusion process of a main sequence star, how many hydrogen atoms are typically needed to produce a

helium atom?

ANSWER: 4

What base nucleotide is replaced by uracil in RNA?

ANSWER: THYMINE

What two functional groups of amino acids join to form a

peptide bond in a protein?

ANSWER: CARBOXYL AND AMINO (in any order)

Which of the following is NOT true for a substance:

W) pure substances always contain the same ratio of elements

X) water and steam are 2 different forms of the same substance

Y) all compounds are substances and all substances are compounds

Z) a pure substance cannot be separated by physical means

ANSWER: Y) ALL COMPOUNDS ARE SUBSTANCES AND ALL SUBSTANCES ARE

COMPOUNDS

Which of the following is NOT a spontaneous

reaction under normal atmospheric pressure:

W) rusting of a ship's hull at sea

X) liquid water changing to water ice at 25ºC

Y) the combustion of propane in air

Z) evaporation of water above 212ºF

ANSWER: X) LIQUID WATER CHANGING TO WATER ICE AT 25ºC

Which of the following is a water-purification process

that uses pressure across a semi-permeable membrane:

W) filtering with activated charcoal

X) ultraviolet treatments

Y) reverse osmosis

Z) ozonation

ANSWER: Y) REVERSE OSMOSIS

How many liters of water will completely fill a container

measuring 100 centimeters by 1 meter by 80 centimeters?

ANSWER: 800

(Solution: (100 cm × 100 cm × 80 cm)(1 L/1000 cm3

) = 800 L)

During which of the following months will the Sun rise

exactly in the east to an observer at mid-northern latitudes:

W) December

X) March

Y) June

Z) September

ANSWER: X) MARCH

Which of the following is a type of volcanic eruption that

does not build up into the typical cone shape normally associated with volcanoes, even though it

erupts huge volumes of fluid lava:

W) composite

X) fissure

Y) Krakatoan

Z) Strombolian

ANSWER: X) FISSURE

Simplify the following completely: (-2x to the 2nd y to the 3rd)to the 3rd

ANSWER: -8x to 6th y to the 9th

The outdoor temperature at 6:00 AM is -8ºC. If it rises at a rate of 3ºC

per hour, what is the temperature, in degrees Celsius, at noon?

ANSWER: 10

Which of the following is the botanical term for the haploid

generation in moss plants:

W) gametophyte

X) archegonia

Y) style

Z) ovule

ANSWER: W) GAMETOPHYTE

Name all of the following 3 organisms that belong to the

phylum Cnidaria (read as: nid-AIR-ee-ah): jellyfish; sea anemones; corals

ANSWER: JELLYFISH; CORALS

Which of the following is a substance that does NOT

conduct electricity when it is a solid but does conduct electricity when it is melted or in a molten

state:

W) lead

X) copper

Y) water

Z) sodium chloride

ANSWER: Z) SODIUM CHLORIDE

Chemical bonding between which of the following

pairs of atoms would MOST likely be ionic:

W) copper and chlorine

X) carbon and carbon

Y) hydrogen and carbon

Z) sulfur and oxygen

ANSWER: W) COPPER AND CHLORINE

Which of the following is a phenomenon associated with

extensive warming of the ocean in the tropical regions of the eastern Pacific:

W) El Nino

X) a Chinook

Y) La Nina

Z) the Ekman spiral

ANSWER: W) EL NINO

Which of the following is LEAST indicated by closely

spaced isobars on a weather map:

W) strong winds

X) a steep gradient between high and low pressure areas

Y) a frontal boundary

Z) type of precipitation

ANSWER: Z) TYPE OF PRECIPITATION

Solve the following equation for x: 5/8x = 200

ANSWER: 320

A certain ore contains 2% of a precious metal. How many tons of ore

must theoretically be mined to obtain 16 tons of the metal?

ANSWER: 800

What precious metal is the catalyst in most automobile

catalytic converters?

ANSWER: PLATINUM

What is the most common name for the apparent circular

movement of the celestial poles against the background of fixed stars that will eventually result in

Polaris drifting away from the north celestial pole?

ANSWER: PRECESSION

What staining method is used to generally divide bacteria into

two groups?

ANSWER: GRAM STAIN

Name all of the following 4 cellular structures that are found in

plant cells and NOT bacteria: mitochondria; chloroplasts; cell membranes; ribosomes

ANSWER: MITOCHONDRIA; CHLOROPLASTS

How many covalent bonds are in a molecule of

methane?

ANSWER: 4

Giving your answer in the SI units for resistance, what is

the resistance of an electric flashlight operating on a 9-volt battery that requires 0.5 amps to run?

ANSWER: 18 OHMS (must give units)

(Solution: R = V/I = 9/0.5 = 18 ohms)

Which of the following is NOT an example of typical

Jurassic vegetation:

W) flowering plants

X) ferns

Y) conifers

Z) ginkgoes

ANSWER: W) FLOWERING PLANTS

Which of the following is TRUE:

W) all tropical depressions form into tropical storms

X) the Intertropical Convergence Zone is mostly located near the equator

Y) most hurricanes originate along the equator

Z) all hurricanes have a counterclockwise motion

NEAR THE EQUATOR

Find the product of (x to the 3 to the y) (x to the 2 to the y)

ANSWER: x to the 5th to the y

Find the following product and give your answer to the first decimal place: ( 5/3) (3/5) to the 2nd

ANSWER: 0.6