Radiation Saftey Test 1

What is Radiolysis?

Breakdown of a water molecule, creating a free radical. Indirect damage

How much damage my radiation is done by radiolysis?

2/3

What does a Bequerel measure?

Radioactivity

What is the formula for exposure?

Coulombs/Kilogram

What is the formula for Air KERMA?

1 Joule/ kilogram

What is the formula for Absorbed Dose?

1 Joule/ Kilogram

What is the formula for DAP?

Dose to patient x volume of tissue exposed

What is the formula for Effective Dose?

D x WR x WT

What is the formula for Equivalent Dose?

D x WR

What unit is absorbed dose measured in?

Gray

What unit is air KERMA measured in?

Gray

What is effective dose measured in?

Sievert

What is equivalent dose measured in?

Sievert

What traditional unit corresponds to Gray?

Rad

What traditional unit corresponds to sievert?

Rem

What is absorbed dose?

Amount of radiation absorbed in patient

What is the best predictor of stochastic effects?

Effective dose

Why is equivalent dose?

Exposure based off of different radiation types?

What is effective dose?

Exposure based off of tissue type?

What dose is initially found on the dosimeter?

Absorbed dose

What dose is found in the dosimeter report?

Equivalent dose

What dose represents long term damage?

Effective dose

At what dose do blood changes happen?

0.25 sv

At what dose does nausea and diarrhea occur?

1.5 sv

what dose does erythema occur?

2 sv

At what dose does temporary sterility occur?

2.5 sv

At what dose does LD 50/30 occur?

3.0 sv

At what dose does death occur?

6 sv

What is another term for ALARA?

Optimization

What is the average dose of a chest cray?

.06 msv

What is the BERT for a chest xray?

10 days

What radiation types act like particles?

Ionizing radiation: UV, xray, gamma ray

What is the atomic number?

Number of protons (Z#)

What is the atomic mass?

Protons + neutrons (AMU)

What is ejected from an alpha particle?

2 protons and 2 neutrons

What is ejected from a beta particle?

Neutron converts to a proton, and an electron like particle is ejected

What produced high speed electrons?

Linear accelerator

What NCRP recommendation involves doses?

NCRP #160 (most recent #184 in 2019)

What is the total public background radiation?

5.5 msv

How much does natural background radiation contribute?

3.1 msv

What does medical radiation contribute?

2.3 msv

How much does man made radiation contribute?

0.1 msv

What is the largest contributor to medical radiation?

CT

What is the largest contributor to natural background radiation?

Radon

What element is involved in alpha particle ejection?

Helium