Physical Science Exam 2

Wavelength

distance between crests or troughs

frequency

number of crests that pass a certain point every second

speed

Amplitude

heights of wave above or below surface

constructive interference

amplitude reinforcement (new waves displacement of crests/troughs is greater than either original waves alone)

Destructive Interference

amplitude cancellation (new waves displacement of crests/troughs is less than that of either original wave)

Relationship between frequency and wavelength

lower frequency=longer wavelength

higher frequency=shorter wavelength

Transverse wave

disturbance that causes motion perpendicular to the direction the wave is moving

example of transverse wave

Ocean waves or ripples on a pond

Longitudal waves

Disturbance that causes particles to move closer together or further apart in the same direction the wave is moving

Example of longitudal waves

Springs or sound waves

Law of reflection

Angle of incidence equals reflected ray

Apply the law of reflection

If you are looking in a mirror and trying to see the person on your right, you must move the mirror or your body so that the incidence ray (you looking into the mirror) equals the reflected ray (what you are looking in the mirror at)

refraction

deviation of light from its original path to a speed change

Doppler effect

apparent change in frequency of moving source

Blueshift

decrease in wavelength, with a increase in frequency

redshift

increase in wavelength, with a decrease in frequency

Charging by friction

transfer of electrons when one material rubs against another

Example of charging by friction

clothes sticking together after being in tumble dryer

Charging by contact

transfer of electrons from one material to another simply by touching

Examples of charging by contact

brushing your hair

Charging by induction

Redistribution of electric charges in and on objects caused by the electrical influence of a charged object close by but not in contact.

example of charging by induction

wireless phone charger