________- connecting the material to previously learned ideas.
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Increased cortical thickness in temporal lobes relate to
greater long- term memory formation, reading skills and abilities.
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Frontal lobes become more developed and improvements in
executive function skills, logic, planning, and working memory are evident.
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ADHD is usually diagnosed during
________childhood.
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Psychopharmacology
________: use of medication such as stimulants + strategies /modifications shown to be effective for individuals meeting criteria- Must be discussed with medical provider.
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Hyperactive impulsive
________: a child with a(n) ________ presentation always seems to be in motion, fidgets, has trouble staying on task, cant wait for others to finish before speaking, and does everything quickly and without much thought.
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Memory Strategies
________: organizing and chunking information, mnemonics.
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The ability to sustain attention and avoid distractions increases greatly when
________children move into middle childhood.
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As cognitive skills become more automatic, they
free up processing capacity (the amount of information the mind can actively deal with at one time) that can be used for other tasks.
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Metacognition
________: Thinking about ones own thinking.
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Brain waves
________: by age 7, alpha waves, the ones associated with engaged attention, become predominant.
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Specific brain structures that experience growth during middle childhood include
the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and the corpus callosum
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Growth of corpus callosum
activity is more integrated
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We see this process in the way children learn to read words
becomes automatic, can then move on to more complex paragraphs, etc
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In younger school-age, children can start evaluating
strategies, older children what they did wrong or right, not repeat same errors
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Critical thinking
thinking reflectively and productively and evaluating evidence
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
a neurodevelopmental disorder described as a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development
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Inattentive presentation
child is easily distracted, has trouble getting organized or following directions, continually loses things, and often shifts from one task to another without completing either of them
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Combined presentation shows symptoms of
both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity.
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In the United States in 2016, approximately 9.4% of children between the ages of 2 and 17 had
ever been diagnosed with ADHD, and boys are twice as likely as girls to receive this diagnosis
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In some cases ADHD symptoms may not appear until
adolescence or be apparent until adulthood
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Inhibition improves sharply between
ages 6 and 10
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In school-age, children need to memorize
more facts, academic skills, rules.
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The brain reaches its adult size at
about age 7.
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Changes occur in both
the structure and the functioning of the brain that support the cognitive development
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In school-age, information and skills become
more integrated and refined
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Build upon old connections, and
synaptic pruning occurs for unused or irrelevant information
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Flashcard (29)