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Organic Chemistry Test
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test on Monday, May 8
Chemistry
11th
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30 Terms
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Organic Chemistry
study of carbon and carbon compounds
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Allotropes
different forms of the same element in the same state
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What are the 3 allotropes of carbon?
diamonds, graphite, fallerene
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What are the 2 categories of hydrocarbons?
Aliphatic and Aromatic
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Aliphatic
hydrocarbons with the carbon atoms arranged in chains
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Aromatic
hydrocarbons with the carbon atoms arranged in rings
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What are the 3 types of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons?
alkanes, alkenes, alkynes
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What Aliphatic hydrocarbon is saturated?
alkanes
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What Aliphatic hydrocarbons are unsaturated?
alkenes and alkynes
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Molecular Formula
actual composition of a molecule of a compound
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Structural Formula
shows the arrangement of atoms and their bonds
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Isomers
structural formulas that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements
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prefix for 1:
meth
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prefix for 2:
eth
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prefix for 3:
prop
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prefix for 4:
but
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What are the 3 most common Alkyl groups?
methyl, ethyl, propyl
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Alkanes
only single bonds
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Alkenes
a double bond somewhere in the structure
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Alkynes
a triple bond somewhere in the structure
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Alcohols
Chain + Oxygen + Hydrogen
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Ethers
Chain + Oxygen + Chain
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Alkyl Halide
Chain + Halogen
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Aldehydes
Chain + Carbon + Hydrogen, double bonded Oxygen on Carbon
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Ketones
Chain + Carbon + Chain, double bonded Oxygen on Carbon
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Amines
Chain + NH2
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Carboxlyic Acid
Chain + Carbon + Oxygen + Hydrogen, double bonded Oxygen on Carbon
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Esters
Chain + Carbon + Oxygen + Chain, double bonded Oxygen on the Carbon
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Aromatic Hydrocarbons
contains benzene rings (alternating double bonds)
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Cyclo Alkanes
ring of single bonds, at least 3 carbons
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