History WW1

MAIN causes of WW1

militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism

conscription

compulsory enlistment into military service.

imperialism

extending a country’s power and influence through colonisation, military force, or other means

nationalism

an extreme form of patriotism marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries

militarism

the belief that a country should maintain a strong military and be prepared to use it to aggressively defend or promote nationalist interests

alliance

a group of countries, political parties, or people who have agreed to work together because of shared interests or aims

weltpolitik

the imperialist foreign policy adopted by Germany, designed to transform Germany into a global power

Zabern affair

crisis of domestic policy in Germany at the end of 1913, caused by political unrest in Alsace-Lorraine

Schlieffen plan

a failed strategy for Germany to win WW1, outlining a strategy for Germany to avoid fighting at both eastern and western fronts simultaneously

western front

stretch of land through France and Belgium through the Swiss border to the North Sea; the decisive front for WW1

eastern front

line of fighting along the eastern border of Germany with Russia

ANZAC

Australia New Zealand Army Corps

Dardanelles

strait separating European and Asian Turkey

triple alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

triple entente

France, British Empire, Russia

June 28th 1914

assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

July 28th 1914

Austria-Hungary declared war against Serbia

March 18th 1915

Allies begun to attack the Dardanelles

April 25th 1915

ANZAC troops landed in Gallipoli

July 1st 1916

Battle of the Somme begun

July 19th 1916

attack on Fromelles begun

July 23rd 1916

attack on Pozieres begun

Gallipoli Campaign - naval assault

plan to crush costal defences; force passage through the Dardanelles

Gallipoli Campaign - land invasion

ANZACs landing in Gallipoli Peninsula

Gallipoli Campaign - withdrawal

Ottomans won; ANZACs evacuate, coordinated with front-line trenches

internment

the state of being confined as a prisoner, primarily for military or political reasons

Australia's identity

forged after the events of WWI

Gallipoli

the peninsula of turkey at which the ANZACs fought

reason for Gallipoli campaign

more efficient export of goods from/to Russia from other Entente nations; quicker surrender from Turkey; securing supply route to Russia

life in the trenches

unpleasant, uncomfortable; rodents everywhere; exhausting and rough conditions

trench warfare

primary fighting style in WW1

Treaty of Versailles

armistice that officially ended WW1; blamed Germany for war, forced Germany to repay with reparations to other involved countries

Battle of the Somme

Entente forces attacked German forces in Somme Valley, France; battle ended in a stalemate

Fromelles battle

battle on the western front designed to keep German reserve forces from joining the southern offensive;

Black Hand (Црна рука)

Serbian nationalist party that killed the Archduke