DNA

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Mid-1980s

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30 Terms

1

Mid-1980s

DNA fingerprinting dramatically changed forensic science and the ability of law enforcement to link perpetrators with crimes

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2

Early 1990s

The US military began collecting and storing blood samples of soldiers

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3

1994

DNA identification act

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4

1998

National DNA index system NDIS

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5

CODIS

The combined DNA index system collects analyzes, and communicates criminal DNA information

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6

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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7

What is DNA

the genetic material of all living things

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8

Chromosomes

the 46 chromosomes found in the human body cells are composed of tightly coiled DNA

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9

male chromosomes

have one X and on Y chromosomes (XY)

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10

Female Chromosomes

have two X chromosomes (XX)

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11

DNA Inherit

Half of our DNA is inherited from our mother, and the other half is inherited from our father

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12

how many pairs of Karotypes

There are 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes in males and Autosome pairs of homologous chromosomes in females.

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13

What are genes

A gene is a segment of DNA in a chromosome that serves in the prodution or regulation of proteins

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14

What do genes average

3000 base pairs

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15

Dna evidence is what?

Critical

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16

what should you void when collecting, preserving and identifying

Contamination

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17

PCR traces samples of what so that it can be amplified so that adequate amounts are available for testing

DNA Evidence

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18

The most useful tool for law enforcement since the development of fingerprinting

DNA profiling

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19

Scientist use this to distinguish one person from another

polymorphisms

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20

Because 99% of all human DNA is the same scientst only need to examine what percent

1% region of variability

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21

When does a heterozygous genotype occur

When a person has two different alleles for a particular STR

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22

What Does STR stand for

Short Tandem Repeats

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23

STR’s can easily be recovered from what

Degraded and limited quantites of DNA typically found for evidence

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24

How is DNA STR analysis performed

Using automated machines and computers

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25

Y STR’s

Trace ancestry through the male line

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26

mtDNA

Only mother pass on mitochondrial DN

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27

mtDNA & Y STR’s

Can only yield class evidence

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28

DNA sequences are?

Unique to each individual

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29

DNA analysis

Helps solves crimes and exonerate the falsely accused

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30

Adding fluorescent dyes to the PCR reaction makes it possible to identify what?

Different STR markers

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