Geography: Rivers, Coastal Erosion, and Tropical Storms Key Concepts

Which river floods Winchester?

River Itchen

What type of country is the UK?

HIC

Name one hard engineering method.

Flood walls

Name one soft engineering method.

Floodplain zoning

Why dredge the river?

Increase capacity

What is the aim of management?

Reduce flood risk

What area is protected?

Homes / businesses

What causes flooding here?

Heavy rainfall

Why is management effective?

High funding

What planning control is used?

Zoning

Where is Barton-on-Sea?

Hampshire coast, UK

What rock type is vulnerable?

Soft clay

Name one erosion process.

Hydraulic action

What is longshore drift?

Movement of sediment along coast

Name one defence.

Groynes

Why are groynes used?

Trap sediment

What is beach nourishment?

Adding sand

What is a disadvantage of sea walls?

Expensive

What is protected?

Homes

Why is management needed?

Rapid erosion

Where is St Lucia located?

Caribbean

What attracts tourists?

Beaches / coral reefs

Name one benefit of tourism.

Jobs

Name one environmental problem.

Coral damage

What causes reef damage?

Boat anchors

How does tourism increase income?

Foreign currency

What infrastructure improves?

Roads / hotels

Why is erosion a problem?

Coastal development

What is mass tourism?

Large numbers of tourists

What type of storm was Haiyan?

Tropical cyclone

Where did it strike?

Philippines

When did it occur?

2013

Name one primary impact.

Deaths

Approximate wind speed?

300 km/h

What secondary impact occurred?

Disease

How many were displaced?

About 4 million

Name one immediate response.

Emergency aid

Name one long-term response.

Improved shelters

Why were impacts severe?

Low level of development

Where is the Amazon located?

South America

What climate does it have?

Hot and wet

Name one layer of vegetation.

Canopy

What is deforestation?

Tree removal

Name one cause of deforestation.

Farming

Name one impact.

Biodiversity loss

What is selective logging?

Cutting selected trees

Why is the rainforest important?

Carbon storage

What tribe lives there?

Indigenous peoples

Name one conservation method.

Protected areas

Where is the Namib Desert?

Southern Africa

What is rainfall like?

Very low

Name one plant adaptation.

Water storage

Name one animal adaptation.

Nocturnal behaviour

Why are temperatures extreme?

Lack of clouds

What limits vegetation?

Water shortage

Name one desert plant.

Welwitschia

Why is evaporation high?

Heat

What biome is this?

Hot desert

How do animals avoid heat?

Burrowing