Septic Shock, Thrombosis, and Related Conditions

Flashcards on Septic Shock, Thrombosis, and Related Conditions

Key components of etiopathogenesis of septic shock

Microbial trigger, cytokine storm, endothelial injury, metabolic abnormalities, organ dysfunction

Cause of Hypovolemic Shock

Loss of blood or plasma

Cause of Cardiogenic Shock

Pump failure, such as myocardial infarction

Types of Distributive Shock

Septic, anaphylactic, and neurogenic shock

Cause of Obstructive Shock

Obstruction to blood flow, like pulmonary embolism

Main components of a thrombus

Platelets, fibrin, and red blood cells (RBCs)

Components of Virchow's Triad

Endothelial injury, abnormal blood flow, and hypercoagulability

Consequences of septic shock on the body

Life-threatening hypotension and tissue hypoperfusion, multi-organ failure, metabolic abnormalities

How septic shock leads to organ dysfunction

Reduced perfusion and oxygen delivery to tissues resulting in hypoxia and acidosis

Risk factors associated with Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Immobility and hypercoagulable state

Possible fates of a thrombus

Propagation, embolization, dissolution, organization and recanalization

Appearance and composition of arterial thrombus

Pale, dry, firm; composed of platelet and fibrin-rich material

Appearance and composition of venous thrombus

Red, soft, gelatinous; composed of RBC and fibrin-rich material

Characteristics of Non-Progressive Shock

Reflex mechanisms maintain perfusion

Characteristics of Progressive Stage of Shock

Worsening perfusion leads to tissue hypoxia and lactic acidosis

Characteristics of Irreversible Stage of Shock

Severe cellular damage results in multi-organ failure and death

Causes of Chronic Venous Congestion of the Spleen

Long-standing portal hypertension and right-sided heart failure

Gross appearances of spleen affected by Chronic Venous Congestion

Enlarged spleen, firm, dark blue or purple (cyanotic induration)

Protein content of Transudate

< 3 g/dL

Protein content of Exudate

3 g/dL