nocti Engineering Technology Foundations Study Guide

What is Newton's Second Law of Motion?

Force = mass × acceleration (F = m × a)

What is Pascal’s Law?

Pressure = (Force / Area)

What is Ohm's Law?

Voltage = Current × Resistance (V = I × R)

What is potential energy?

Stored energy due to position or height.

What is kinetic energy?

Energy of motion: KE = ½ × mass × velocity²

What is torque?

Torque = Force × Distance from pivot (lever arm)

What is friction?

A resistive force that opposes motion between two surfaces.

What is fluid power?

The use of liquids or gases to transmit power.

What does a gear ratio tell us?

The relationship between the sizes (or teeth) of two meshing gears.

What is Pascal's Law?

Pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted equally in all directions.

How do you calculate pressure in hydraulics?

Pressure = Force ÷ Area

What is the purpose of a control chart?

To track process stability and detect out-of-control measurements.

What is the difference between series and parallel circuits?

Series has one path; parallel has multiple paths for current.

What is the first step in the design process?

Identifying and defining the problem.

What does prototyping mean?

Creating a testable model of a product or system.

What is brainstorming?

Generating a variety of ideas without judgment.

What does DFMEA stand for?

Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis - identifies potential design issues.

What type of process is 3D printing?

Additive manufacturing.

Why is modeling & simulation used in design?

To test performance and feasibility before building a prototype.

What is the main goal of any engineering project?

Meeting customer needs.

What is spreadsheet software used for in engineering?

To record, calculate, and visualize data (e.g., graphs, tables).

What is CAD used for?

Creating precise technical drawings and 3D models.

What's a parts library in CAD?

A collection of reusable components to speed up design.

What type of software is best for presentations?

Presentation software like PowerPoint.

Why use spreadsheets in design work?

To manage numerical data and automate calculations.

What does word processing software help with?

Creating written reports, letters, and documentation.

What do civil engineers work on?

Public infrastructure like roads, bridges, and water systems.

What is the role of a mechanical engineer?

Designing machines, engines, and mechanical systems.

What are key job functions of engineers?

Design, analysis, testing, manufacturing, and problem-solving.

Who is responsible for ethical conduct in engineering?

Each individual engineer.

What is a micrometer used for?

Measuring small precise dimensions (e.g., hole diameter).

What is tolerance in manufacturing?

Acceptable variation in a part's dimensions.

What is quality control?

The process of ensuring products meet required specifications.

Why use measurement tools in production?

To verify accuracy and ensure parts fit and function correctly.

What is casting?

A process where molten material is poured into a mold to form a shape.

What is tensile strength?

The ability of a material to resist breaking under tension.

What's the purpose of material testing?

To determine characteristics like hardness, strength, and flexibility.

When is respiratory PPE required?

When sanding or grinding materials that produce dust.

What is the purpose of a Safety Data Sheet (SDS)?

To provide safety info about materials (hazards, handling, first aid).

What is a key trait of a good team leader?

Recognizing and using others' strengths effectively.

What makes a design team effective?

Clear communication, shared goals, and collaboration.