ECEN 164 Introduction to Computer Engineering - Logic Gates and Levels

Flashcards covering fundamental concepts of logic gates and their characteristics as introduced in the ECEN 164 lecture.

Logic Gates

Electronic components that perform operations on one or more binary inputs to produce a single binary output.

NOT Gate

A single-input logic gate that inverts the input value; if the input is 1, the output is 0, and vice versa.

AND Gate

A two-input logic gate that outputs 1 only when both inputs are 1.

OR Gate

A two-input logic gate that outputs 1 if at least one input is 1.

XOR Gate

A two-input logic gate that outputs 1 only when the inputs are different.

NAND Gate

A two-input logic gate that outputs 0 only when both inputs are 1, otherwise it outputs 1.

NOR Gate

A two-input logic gate that outputs 1 only when both inputs are 0.

XNOR Gate

A two-input logic gate that outputs 1 only when both inputs are the same.

Multiple-Input XOR

An XOR operation that results in 1 when an odd number of inputs are 1.

Noise in Logic Circuits

Anything that degrades the signal quality in a circuit, potentially affecting the output of logic gates.

Static Discipline

The principle that states that circuit elements must produce logically valid outputs from logically valid inputs.

Logic Levels

Discrete voltage ranges that represent binary values; typically, ground (0V) represents 0 and VDD (5V) represents 1.

Noise Margin

The difference between the actual logic levels and the levels required for valid logic operation, defined as NMH = VOH - VIH and NML = VIL - VOL.

DC Transfer Characteristics

A graphical representation of the relationship between the input and output voltages of a logic gate.

Logic Family

Different types or families of logic circuits characterized by their voltage levels and electric properties, such as TTL, CMOS, LVTTL, and LVCMOS.