blood vessels

how does blood flow from heart through vessels

artery-arteriole- capillary- venule- vein

how is blood circulated around the body

muscular contractions of heart

what are the four components of blood vessel walls

* endothelium
* collagen
* elastic tissue
* smooth muscle

what is the role of endothelium

Squamous epithelium

Smooth surface = good flow

what is the role of collagen

Strong fibrous protein ( high tensile strength)

On outside of the vessel to prevent vessel bursting under pressure

what is the role of elastic tissue

Coiled protein.

Recoils after being stretched.

Returns vessel to original diameter after being stretched when blood forces wall outwards

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what is the role of smooth muscle

Contractile protein

. Contracts when stimulated by nerve impulse.

Returns diameter of vessel to original diameter after being stretched.

draw 3d diagram of artery

draw 3d diagram of capillary

draw 3d diagram of vein

what is the direction of blood flow of artery + type of blood

away from heart

systemic= oxygenated

pulmonaey= deoxygenated

what is the direction or blood flow of capillary + type of blood

arteriole→ venule

systemic - arteriole end= oxy, venice end = deoxy

pulmonary - arteriole end= deoxy, venice end = oxy

what is the direction of blood flow or vein + what type of blood

towards the heart

systemic - deoxygenated

pulmonary - oxygenated

what is the blood pressure like for artery, capillary, vein

artery - high

capillary - low

vein - low

what is the speed of blood flow in artery, capillary, vein

artery - fast

capillary - slow

vein - slow

structure of artery (2d) diagram

structure of vein 2d diagram

2d diagram of capillary

compare size of lumen of artery, capillary and vein

artery- small

capillary - very small

vein - large

compare the thickness of walls in artery, capillary and veins

artery - thick

capillary - single cell

vein- thin

state the anatomical layers in blood vessels and what they are composed of

• Tunica intima - endothelium (thin squamous cells)

• Tunica media - smooth muscle (contracts when stimulated by nerve impulses) and elastic fibres

• Tunica externa/ adventitia - elastic tissue ( recoil to maintain blood pressure) with collagen fibres( strength to withstand pressure)

Describe the processes of vasoconstriction and vasodilation and how this affects blood flow through capillaries.

• Vasoconstriction - smooth muscle in arteriole contracts & constricts the vessel preventing blood flowing into a capillary bed

• Vasodilation - smooth muscle in arteriole relaxes & dilates the vessel allowing blood to flow into the capillary bed again

where are arterioles found

between arteries and capillaries

what is the role of venues

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Venules lie between the capillaries and the veins. They collect blood from the capillaries and direct it into the veins.

what is blood

the fluid used to transport material around the body