passage 3

Spark controversy

(v.phr); /spɑːk ˈkɒn.trə.vɜː.si/; To cause a lot of public disagreement; Gây ra tranh cãi; The experimental results … among the scientific community.

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Parapsychology

(n); /ˌpær.ə.saɪˈkɒl.ə.dʒi/; The study of mental powers that cannot be explained by science; Cận tâm lý học; … studies phenomena like telepathy and precognition.

Derision

(n); /dɪˈrɪʒ.ən/; The situation in which someone or something is laughed at; Sự chế nhạo; The idea was met with … by mainstream scientists.

Implication

(n); /ˌɪm.plɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/; A possible effect or result of an action or a decision; Hệ quả/Ý nghĩa; The discovery has huge …s for our understanding of the mind.

Constitute

(v); /ˈkɒn.stɪ.tjuːt/; To be or be considered as something; Cấu thành/Tạo nên; Những phát hiện này không … bằng chứng tuyệt đối.

Compelling

(adj); /kəmˈpel.ɪŋ/; Very exciting and interesting and making you want to watch or listen; Thuyết phục; The lab provided … evidence that could not be ignored.

On the brink of

(phr); /ɒn ðə brɪŋk əv/; Very close to a new situation; Trên bờ vực/Sắp sửa; Researchers believe they are … a major breakthrough.

Definitive

(adj); /dɪˈfɪn.ɪ.tɪv/; Final and cannot be changed; Cuối cùng/Dứt khoát; There is still no … statistical evidence for the phenomenon.

Sceptic

(n); /ˈskep.tɪk/; A person who doubts the truth or value of something; Người hoài nghi; Even the most hardened …s were puzzled by the hit rates.

Concur

(v); /kənˈkɜː(r)/; To agree with someone or have the same opinion; Đồng ý; Many researchers …red that the experiment was flawed.

Swamp

(v); /swɒmp/; To overwhelm or cover with too much of something; Làm tràn ngập/Áp đảo; Mental noise can … the tiny signals from the sender.

Tranquility

(n); /træŋˈkwɪl.ə.ti/; A peaceful, calm state, without noise or violence; Sự tĩnh lặng; A state of … is necessary for the Ganzfeld test.

Reclining

(adj); /rɪˈklaɪ.nɪŋ/; Leaning back in a relaxed way; Nằm ngả lưng; The subject sits in a … chair to stay relaxed.

Beam over

(v.phr); /biːm ˈəʊ.və(r)/; To send a signal or information electronically; Truyền tín hiệu; Images were …ed to a monitor in another room.

Put down to chance

(phr); /pʊt daun tuː tʃɑːns/; To believe something happened by luck; Quy cho là do ngẫu nhiên; The 25% hit rate could be …

Rule out

(phr v); /ruːl aʊt/; To prevent or stop something from happening; Loại trừ; We must … any possibility of sensory leakage.

Sensory leakage

(n.phr); /ˈsen.sər.i ˈliː.kɪdʒ/; Information reaching a person through normal senses; Rò rỉ giác quan; The experiment failed because of …

Outright fraud

(n.phr); /ˌaʊtˈraɪt frɔːd/; Intentional cheating or deception; Gian lận trắng trợn; Some claimed the famous medium was an …

Draw up

(phr v); /drɔː ʌp/; To prepare something, usually something official, in writing; Soạn thảo/Thiết kế; They … a list of strict rules for the session.

Plausible

(adj); /ˈplɔː.zə.bəl/; Seeming likely to be true, or able to be believed; Hợp lý; There is no … explanation for how telepathy works.

Put forward

(phr v); /pʊt ˈfɔː.wəd/; To state an idea or opinion, or to suggest a plan; Đề xuất; Several theories have been … to explain these findings.

Esoteric

(adj); /ˌiː.səˈter.ɪk/; Intended for or understood by only a small number of people; Huyền bí/Ít người hiểu; Quantum physics can be as … as parapsychology.

Quantum entanglement

(n.phr); /ˈkwɒn.təm ɪnˈtæŋ.ɡəl.mənt/; A phenomenon where particles remain connected; Rối lượng tử; … suggests that atoms can be linked across space.

Prompt

(v); /prɒmpt/; To cause someone to do something; Thúc đẩy/Gây ra; The suspicious results …ed a complete re-evaluation.

Probing

(adj); /ˈprəʊ.bɪŋ/; Intended to get information; Thăm dò/Đào sâu; The journalist asked … questions about the experiment.

Faint signal

(n.phr); /feɪnt ˈsɪɡ.nəl/; A very slight or weak electronic or mental message; Tín hiệu yếu ớt; The telepathic message was a … that was easily drowned out by noise.

Hit rate

(n.phr); /hɪt reɪt/; The frequency or number of successful results in a test; Tỉ lệ chính xác; The average … in the Ganzfeld experiments was about 25%.

Stem the line of derision

(phr); /stem ðə laɪn əv dɪˈrɪʒ.ən/; To stop the continuous flow of mockery or laughter; Ngăn chặn làn sóng chế nhạo; By using computers, they hoped to … from other scientists.

Statistical collapse

(n.phr); /stəˈtɪs.tɪ.kəl kəˈlæps/; A situation where data no longer shows a significant pattern; Sự sụt giảm/sụp đổ về mặt thống kê; A … occurred when the experimental conditions became more rigorous.

Pick out

(phr v); /pɪk aʊt/; To choose or recognize someone or something from a group; Chọn ra/Nhận diện; The receiver had to … the target image from four different options.

Take a different line

(idiom); /teɪk ə ˈdɪf.ər.ənt laɪn/; To use a different approach or way of thinking; Tiếp cận theo hướng khác; Some experts … by looking at quantum physics for answers.

Consistency

(n); /kənˈsɪs.tən.si/; The quality of always behaving or performing in a similar way; Tính nhất quán; There was no … in the results between the different laboratories.

Mainstream scientist

(n.phr); /ˈmeɪn.striːm ˈsaɪən.tɪst/; A scientist who follows generally accepted theories; Nhà khoa học chính thống; Most …s view the study of ESP with great suspicion.

Inconclusive

(adj); /ˌɪn.kəŋˈkluː.sɪv/; Not giving a clear or certain result; Không thuyết phục/Chưa kết luận; The findings of the 1980s studies were largely … and weak.

Mechanism

(n); /ˈmek.ə.nɪ.zəm/; A part of a machine or a set of processes by which something works; Cơ chế; We do not yet understand the physical … of how telepathy might work.

Genuine

(adj); /ˈdʒen.ju.ɪn/; If something is real and exactly what it appears to be; Thật/Chân thực; Scientists are still searching for … evidence of the human mind's power.

Sway

(v); /sweɪ/; To persuade someone to change their opinion; Lay chuyển/Thuyết phục; Strong evidence is needed to … the opinions of hardened skeptics.