Anthro 101 "Primates"- Exam 1

What are the 5 key primate qualities

Dexterity, Visual Acuity, Big Brains, Long Infant Dependency, Social Living

Where are primates typically found?

Tropical areas of Africa, Asia, Central and South America.

Where are apes found, and what defines them?

Africa and Southeast Asia; hominoids with no tails, upright posture, large brains, long lifespans, larger body size.

New World monkeys

Americas, SMALLER, arboreal, prehensile tails.

Strepsirrhines

lemurs/lorises, SMALL BRAINS, rely on SMELL, nocturnal, arboreal.

Nocturnal

active at night

Homologies

similarity from shared ancestry.

Convergent evolution example?

Evolution which has the same characteristic but DO NOT SHARE ANCESTRY

Seals, sharks, penguins → all have fins, unrelated lineages.

Differences between chimpanzees & bonobos?

Chimps: male-dominated, violent, solve problems with aggression.
Bonobos: female-dominated, more peaceful, solve problems through sex.

Define Brachiation

swinging by arms/limbs

Define Knuckle-walking

terrestrial quadrupedalismn (walked on all fours on the ground)

Define Bipedalism

upright walking on two legs.

Analogies

similarity from function/environment, not ancestry.

Diurnal

active in day.

Haplorrhines

LARGER BRAINS, rely on VISION, arboreal + terrestrial.

Old World

Africa/Asia, LARGER, diurnal, sometimes terrestrial.