EMT chapter 6

Which of the following structures allows food to move from the mouth to the​ stomach?

A.Vena cavae
B.Trachea
C.Duodenum
D.Esophagus

D

What is the bone on the thumb side of the​ forearm?

A.Ulna
B.Fibula
C.Radius
D.Acromion

C

Failure of the liver would result in which of the​ following?

A.Inability to detoxify harmful substances in the bloodstream
B.Inability to filter out old and damaged blood cells
C.Inability to secrete insulin
D.None of the above

A

Which organ is the principal organ of the renal​ system?

A.Bladder
B.Kidney
C.Ureter
D.Urethra

B

Which of the following is the only movable bone of the​ face?

A.Maxillae
B.Manubrium
C.Zygoma
D.Mandible

D

The bone most commonly fractured with a​ "broken hip" is​ the:

A.femur.
B.tibia.
C.ilium.
D.fibula.

A

Which organ secretes insulin after a person eats a large​ meal?

A.Pancreas
B.Spleen
C.Liver
D.Gallbladder

A

What is the​ inferior-most portion of the​ sternum?

A.Manubrium
B.Sternal notch
C.Xiphoid process
D.Body

C

What are the two most easily injured portions of the​ spine?

A.Cervical and lumbar
B.Lumbar and sacral
C.Cervical and thoracic
D.Sacral and coccygeal

A

What system is a group of organs and glands designed for the specific purpose of​ reproduction?

A.Reproduction system
B.Lymphatic system
C.Renal system
D.Respiratory system

A

Which of the following is the primary function of the​ stomach?

A.Absorption of water from food products
B.Production of bile
C.Chemical breakdown of food by acidic secretions
D.Absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream

C

Physiology is the study​ of:

A.exercise and nutrition.
B.body structures.
C.muscles and movement.
D.body systems

D

In relation to​ anatomy, the term topography​ means:

A.blood pressure fluctuations.
B.the study of the skin.
C.external landmarks of body structures.
D.key elements of the central nervous system.

C

What two body systems are critical for the life support chain​?

A.Cardiopulmonary and digestive systems
B.Respiratory and endocrine systems
C.Cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
D.Respiratory and cardiovascular systems

D

What system produces chemicals called hormones that help to regulate many body activities and​ functions?

A.Lymphatic system
B.Digestive system
C.Respiratory system
D.Endocrine system

D

What causes the​ "seesaw" breathing pattern of young​ children?

A.The cricoid cartilage and trachea are both more flexible than in​ adults, making breathing more difficult.
B.They rely more on the diaphragm during breathing difficulty.
C.The size of their tongues in proportion to their mouths.
D.The pronounced inward curvature at the bottom of the ribcage.

B

In which of the following locations is the femoral pulse​ palpated?

A.Behind the knee
B.On the medial side of the upper arm
C.At the groin
D.On the medial side of the​ ankle, posterior to the tibia

C

What is the largest bone of the lower​ leg?

A.Tibia
B.Patella
C.Fibula
D.Femur

A

An artery is a blood vessel that​ only:

A.carries deoxygenated blood.
B.returns blood to the heart.
C.carries blood away from the heart.
D.carries oxygenated blood.

C

Which component of blood is responsible for forming clotting factors to stop​ bleeding?

A.White blood cells
B.Red blood cells
C.Platelets
D.Plasma

C

Which of the following is NOT part of the upper​ extremities?

A.Carpals
B.Scapula
C.Clavicle
D.Calcaneus

D

Which of the following respiratory processes requires the active use of​ muscles?

A.Exhalation
B.Inhalation
C.Gas exchange
D.Bifurcation

B

What two components are directly related to aerobic metabolism​?

A.Electrolytes and carbohydrates
B.Exercise and water
C.Oxygen and glucose
D.Carbolic acid and air

C

The​ "fight-or-flight" response is activated by​ the:

A.endocrine system.
B.sympathetic nervous system.
C.renal system.
D.parasympathetic nervous system.

B

What type of blood vessels surround the​ alveoli?

A.Veins
B.Capillaries
C.Arterioles
D.Arteries

B

Which of the following body systems primarily produces​ hormones?

A.Cardiovascular
B.Exocrine
C.Gastrointestinal
D.Endocrine

D

Which of the following structures closes over the trachea to protect it during​ swallowing?

A.Diaphragm
B.Cricoid cartilage
C.Pharynx
D.Epiglottis

D

Which of the following structures do NOT form part of the​ thorax?

A.Ischium
B.8th through 19th vertebrae
C.Sternum
D.Ribs

A

What condition of immediate concern results from a loss of red blood cells due to​ hemorrhage?

A.Decreased production of carbon dioxide
B.Decrease in pulse rate
C.Decreased ability to fight infection
D.Decreased oxygen delivery to the tissues

D

Which of the following terms describes the heart​ muscle's ability to generate its own electrical​ impulses?

A.Irritability
B.Conductivity
C.Contractility
D.Automaticity

D

Which of the following is NOT part of the lower​ extremity?

A.Carpals
B.Patella
C.Femur
D.Pelvis

A

You are caring for a​ 47-year-old male patient with classical chest pain suggestive of a myocardial infarction. Based on your understanding of the cardiovascular​ system, you know he could be suffering from​ damage, narrowing, or blockage of what​ arteries?

A.Femoral arteries
B.Coronary arteries
C.Brachial arteries
D.Pulmonary arteries

B

What is the long bone of the upper portion of the​ arm?

A.Scapula
B.Humerus
C.Ulna
D.Radius

B

What is the strongest and most muscular part of the​ heart?

A.Right atrium
B.Right ventricle
C.Left atrium
D.Left ventricle

D

The two major portions of the skull are​ the:

A.manubrium and mandible.
B.frontal bone and ilium.
C.atlas and axis.
D.cranium and face.

D

A clot cannot form without which of the following blood​ components?

A.Platelets
B.White blood cells
C.Corpuscles
D.Plasma

A

The pressure against the walls of the blood vessels as blood is ejected from the heart and circulates through the body is the​ blood pressure.

A.diastolic
B.central venous
C.mean arterial
D.systolic

D

Which of the following organs functions as a reservoir for blood that can be used in case of blood​ loss?

A.Spleen
B.Liver
C.Heart
D.Thyroid gland

A

A​ child's takes up proportionally more space in the pharynx than does an​ adult's.

A.epiglottis
B.cricoid cartilage
C.tongue
D.trachea

C

Which of the following makes up more than half of the volume of blood in the​ body?

A.Plasma
B.Platelets
C.Red blood cells
D.White corpuscles

A

What vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the​ lungs?

A.Aorta
B.Pulmonary veins
C.Vena cavae
D.Pulmonary artery

D

Which of the following BEST describes the medical condition of​ shock?

A.An extreme emotional reaction to a stressful event
B.Delayed capillary refill
C.A state of inadequate tissue perfusion
D.Hypotension

C

Which layer of the skin is exposed to the​ environment?

A.Adipose tissue
B.Dermis
C.Subcutaneous tissue
D.Epidermis

D

The lower jaw bone is also known as​ the:

A.mandible.
B.maxillae.
C.orbit.
D.manubrium

A

What is the​ large, wing-shaped bone on either side of the​ pelvis?

A.Ischium
B.Acetabulum
C.Ilium
D.Pubis

C

Which chamber of the heart is the​ strongest, most muscular part of the heart and is primarily responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the rest of the​ body?

A.Right ventricle
B.Right atrium
C.Left ventricle
D.Left atrium

C

At which of the following locations could you palpate a​ malleolus?

A.Elbow
B.Spinal column
C.Wrist
D.Ankle

D

What type of muscles control the size of the bronchioles in the​ lungs?

A.Skeletal
B.Striated
C.Smooth
D.Voluntary

C

What are the small bones that make up the wrist​ called?

A.Tarsals
B.Carpals
C.Metatarsals
D.Metacarpals

B

What is another name for the shoulder​ blade?

A.Patella
B.Scapula
C.Clavicle
D.Pharynx

B

What is another name for the eye​ socket?

A.Odontoid process
B.Orbit
C.Zygomatic arch
D.Parietal bone

B

The pulse palpated on the top of the foot is called the​ pulse.

A.dorsalis pedis
B.phalanx proximalis
C.tibialis posterior
D.suprametatarsal

A

Your unit has arrived on the scene of a multiple vehicle collision where several vehicles have​ rear-ended each other. You are directed by the incident commander to care for a​ 23-year-old female in the first vehicle. The firefighter​ on-scene holding manual spinal immobilization indicates that her primary complaint is back pain from her head whipping back and forth from the impact. Your understanding of the anatomy of the spinal column and vertebrae suggests that this type of mechanism of injury results in frequent injuries to which part of the spinal​ column?

A.Lumbar spine
B.Thoracic spine
C.Cervical spine
D.Sacral spine

C

Which of the following is a function of the​ skin?

A.Protection from the environment
B.Regulation of body temperature
C.Balancing water in the body
D.All of the above

D

Which of the following are the components of the nervous​ system?

A.Spinal cord and motor nerves
B.​Brain, spinal​ cord, and nerves
C.Brain and autonomic nerves
D.Spinal cord and sensory nerves

B

Which of the following structures receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena​ cavae?

A.Right atrium
B.Left atrium
C.Right ventricle
D.Left ventricle

A

The cardiac muscle receives its supply of oxygenated blood by which of the following​ mechanisms?

A.Absorption of oxygen from the blood returning from the lungs
B.Coronary veins that branch off the pulmonary vein as it returns oxygenated blood to the heart
C.Coronary arteries that branch off the aorta
D.None of the above

C

Which of the following structures or tissues is NOT part of the musculoskeletal​ system?

A.Acetabulum
B.Tendons
C.Ligaments
D.Fat

D

What is NOT one of the primary organs for the female reproductive​ system?

A.Uterus
B.Urethra
C.Vagina
D.Ovaries

B

Which of the following types of blood vessels allow the exchange of substances directly between the blood and the cells of the​ body?

A.Alveoli
B.Capillaries
C.Veins
D.Arterioles

B