EVO study Part 2 April 9th

Offspring-offspring conflict

- conflict (sibling rivalry) occurs when siblings compete for parental care or limited resources

·       Antagonistic coevolution -. 

refers to a process where two interacting species evolve in opposite directions, leading to a conflict between them

·       Male-male competition -

is a form of intrasexual selection where males compete for access to resources, mates, and reproductive success. This competition can manifest in various ways, including direct fighting or indirect tactics such as deception or resource acquisition.

·       Female choice -

refers to the process by which females influence the reproductive success of their offspring through their mate selection. 

·       Genetic load -

the burden of accumulated deleterious mutations increases over time

·       Muller’s ratchet  -

genomes of an asexual population accumulate irreversible, deleterious mutations over generations

·       Life history -

traits involve trade-offs

– Limited amount of energy to invest in survival, maintenance, and reproduction

·       Trivers-Willard hypothesis -

is an evolutionary theory that suggests that parents adjust the sex ratio of their offspring based on their own condition. This means that parents in good condition will favor sons, while those in poor condition will favor daughters.

·       Genomic imprinting -

occurs when genes inherited from one or the other parent are silenced due to methylation. Imprinting can result in offspring who express either the maternal or paternal copy of the gene, but not both.

·       Senescence -

refers to the deterioration in the biological functions of an organism as it ages.

·       Anisogamy -

refers to sexual reproduction involving the fusion of two dissimilar gametes; individuals producing the larger gamete (eggs) are defined as female, and individuals producing the smaller gamete (sperm) are defined as male.