Science Chapter 2

2nd term

Define Habitat.

Habitat: A habitat is a place where living organisms live.

Example: Desert, Tundra, Rainforest, underground, underwater, Arctic regions.

Define adaptation.

Adaptation: A adaptation is a special feature or behavior that enables plants and animals to survive in their habitat.

Example: cactus have spikes which store water in the desert, polar bears have black skin which absorbs radiation and keeps them warm, penguins have a waxy layer which keeps them warm during cold climate.

Define environment.

Environment: An environment is an area which surrounds a living organism.

Example: desert, Tundra, Rainforest, underground, underwater, Arctic regions.

Define weeds.

Weeds: Weeds are plants which grow in areas where we don’t want them to grow.

Examples: thistle, dandelion, clover, farmers crop and pavement.

Define annual plants.

Annual plants: Annual plants are plants which grow, germinate and die in less than 2 years.

Examples: weeds.

Define ecology and who are ecologists?

Ecology: It is the study of living organisms in our environment.

Scientists who study ecology are known as ecologists.

 

Define sampling.

Sampling: It is calculating a small part of an area to determine the size of a whole area.

Define food chain.

Food Chain: A food chain shows how energy transfers energy from one organism to another.

Some energy is lost as heat.

Define decomposers.

Decomposers: Decomposers are organisms that get their energy from dead plants, animals, and other organisms.

The 2 main types of decomposers are fungus and bacteria.

Define organic matter.

Organic Matter: Organic matter is a substance that decomposers feed on like dead plants, animals, and other organisms.

Define population.

Population: Population is all the organisms of one species living in the same place at the same time.

What are the factors affecting animal population?

Factors affecting the growth of animal population is:

1. Food Supply,

2. Predators,

3. Diseases.

Define pollution.

Pollution: Pollution is adding things to the environment which can harm the organisms living there.

Define algal bloom.

Algal Bloom: When fertilizers reach the sea plants and algae it causes them to over grow. This increases the size of their population.

Define algae.

Algae: Algae is a small plant-like organism.

Define extinct.

Extinct: The species which have died and can't come back again are extinct.

Define habitat destruction.

Habitat Destruction: It is when a habitat is destroyed either naturally or by humans, this leaves living organisms homeless.

Define endangered.

Endangered: Endangered is where there are few living organisms left that soon they could become extinct.

Define global warming, and waht does it affect?

Global Warming: When the carbon dioxide concentrates in the atmosphere, it causes the Earth to get warmer. This is known as global warming.

It affects climate patterns.