Bus LOG AND TRAAN CHAP 10

Material Handling Equipment (MHE)

equipment used to move, store, protect, and track materials.

Transport Equipment

forklifts, AGVs, monorails, conveyors, cranes, and hoists.

Storage Systems

shelves, bins, racks, bulk storage, automated storage systems.

Unitizing Equipment

equipment used to create unit loads, such as palletizers.

Identification and Tracking Systems

labels, barcodes, RFID, and other tracking tools.

Consumer Packaging

packaging used for marketing and retail appeal.

Industrial Packaging

packaging designed for logistics efficiency and protection.

Pack

a container for one item or multiple items bundled together.

Primary Packaging

packaging that directly contains and protects the product.

Secondary Packaging

outer packaging that groups primary packages.

Tertiary Packaging

transport packaging used for distribution (master cartons, pallets).

Master Carton

a container grouping individual packs together.

Containerization

grouping cartons into larger units for transportation.

Unitization

forming a single large unit load from multiple cartons.

Unit Load

combined containerized load moved as a single unit.

Stowability

cube/space efficiency of a package.

Security

ability to seal packaging to detect tampering.

Modular Packaging

standardized packaging sizes that optimize handling.

Cube Out

when a vehicle becomes full by volume before reaching weight limits.

Weigh Out

when weight limits are reached before filling available space.

Impact

a major cause of product damage from logistics handling.

Vibration

movement that can damage products during transport.

Puncture

penetration damage to packaging or product.

Compression

weight or force that crushes packaging.

Rigid Containers

reusable containers such as metal or plastic bins or cases.

Flexible Containers

containers like pallets, slip sheets, or soft-sided containers.

Hardwood Pallets

low-cost, strong wooden pallets used widely in shipping.

Durable Pallets

plastic or metal pallets that are reusable and hygienic.

Pallet Pool

a shared system where companies lease pallets from third-party providers.

RFID

radio-frequency identification used for tracking packages.

Barcode

printed pattern read by scanners to identify products.

EPC

electronic product code for tracking items.

UPC

universal product code used for retail identification.

Bulk Materials

loose materials handled without master cartons.

Unit Loads

standardized loads using pallets or containers.

Manual Material Handling System

labor-intensive handling with high human involvement.

Mechanized System

uses equipment like forklifts, conveyors, or pallet jacks.

Semi-Automated System

partially automated systems such as sortation or robotics.

Automated System

systems like AS/RS with minimal human involvement.

Information-Directed System

systems guided by real-time data (RF, voice pick, pick-to-light).

AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle)

driverless vehicle guided by markers, lasers, or sensors.

Collaborative Mobile Robot

robot working with human workers to increase efficiency.

AS/RS (Automated Storage and Retrieval System)

computer-controlled storage and picking system.

Containerization

using standardized containers for shipping goods globally.

Sea-Land Container

standardized shipping container used for intermodal transport.

Air Freight Container

lightweight container used for aircraft cargo holds.

Environmental Considerations

how material handling affects pollution, energy, waste, and safety.

Hazardous Material Handling

procedures for storing and moving dangerous materials safely.

Returns Processing

handling returned products, often manual and labor-intensive.

E-Fulfillment

processing small online orders rapidly with high accuracy.

People-Intensive Facilities

warehouses relying heavily on human labor for flexibility.