Social Studies final

Ziggurats

Religious temples in ancient Mesopotamia.

Tigris and Euphrates

The two rivers crucial to the development of Mesopotamian civilization.

Cuneiform

The writing system developed by the Mesopotamians.

Uruk

Considered one of the first cities in ancient Mesopotamia.

Code of Hammurabi

An example of a legal code from ancient Mesopotamia.

Sargon of Akkad

Ruler who created one of the first known empires in Mesopotamia.

Iraq

Modern-day country located where ancient Mesopotamia thrived.

Clay tablets

Material used by Mesopotamians to keep records and communicate.

Pyramids

Tombs for pharaohs in ancient Egypt.

Nile

Crucial river for the development of ancient Egyptian civilization.

Hieroglyphics

The writing system used by ancient Egyptians.

Papyrus

The material used for writing in ancient Egypt.

Wheat

A common crop grown by ancient Egyptians.

Great Pyramid of Giza

Known as the largest pyramid in Egypt.

Mummification

The process used to preserve the body for the afterlife in ancient Egypt.

Cleopatra

Ancient Egyptian queen known for her beauty and diplomatic skills.

Pharaoh

Ancient Egyptians believed he was a god on earth.

Ra

The name of the sun god in ancient Egyptian mythology.

Sanskrit

The ancient Indian language in which many holy texts were written.

Ganges

The river closely associated with the development of early Indian civilization.

Hinduism

The religion that originated in ancient India, known for teachings on karma and dharma.

Ashoka

A significant emperor of the Maurya Dynasty known for spreading Buddhism.

Castes

The term for social and economic divisions in ancient Indian society.

The Vedas

The ancient Indian collection of hymns and religious texts.

Ganges

Considered a sacred river in India, crucial for Hindu rituals.

Confucianism

The main philosophy that influenced Chinese society during the Han Dynasty.

Silk Road

Important trade route between China and Europe.

Taoism

Philosophy emphasizing living in harmony with the Tao.

Silk

A major export of Ancient China.

Confucius

The founder of Confucianism.

Great Wall of China

Built to protect against invasions.

Yellow River

River considered the cradle of Chinese civilization.

Qin Shi Huang

The first emperor of a unified China.

Taoism

Ancient Chinese philosophy emphasizing harmony with nature.

Han Dynasty

Dynasty known for its development of paper.

Silk Road

Primarily used for trade between China and other regions.

Wheelbarrow

Chinese invention that allowed for more efficient agriculture.

Terracotta Warriors

Made from clay and buried with the first Emperor of China.

Confucius

Ancient Chinese thinker known for his teachings on ethics.

Zhou Dynasty

Significant for the creation of a feudal system.

Samurai

A warrior in ancient Japan.

Haiku

Famous ancient Japanese form of poetry with 17 syllables.

Shogun

A military leader in ancient Japan.

Wood

The primary material used for ancient Japanese castles.

Bushido

The code of honor followed by samurai.

Ainu

The indigenous people of Japan.

Heian

Period known for the development of Japanese writing.

Buddhism

The primary religion introduced to Japan from Korea.

Arts and literature

The advancements that characterized the Heian period.

Kamakura

Period when the samurai class became prominent.

Ikebana

Traditional Japanese art of flower arrangement.

Shinto

Native religion of Japan involving the worship of kami.

Jerusalem

Capital of ancient Israel during the reign of King David.

Torah

The sacred text containing the laws and teachings of the ancient Israelites.

Ark of the Covenant

Sacred artifact housed in the First Temple built by Solomon.

Moses

The leader who led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt.

Solomon

Known for his wisdom and building projects in ancient Israel.

Masada

Hilltop fortress where Jews made their last stand against the Romans.

Genesis

Book of the Bible telling the story of creation and Noah's Ark.

David

The shepherd boy who fought and killed Goliath, later became King of Israel.