Basics of Functional Neuroanatomy

Brain Stem

Basic programs of survival, includes breathing, heartbeat, pain, consciousness

Medulla Oblongata

heart circulation, breathing, automatic processes, nerve connections, crossover point — “pyramids”

Pons

relays signals from forebrain to cerebellum, sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control

Midbrain

Tectum (roof)- contains superior (visual) and inferior colliculus (auditory)

Tegmentum (floor)- motor control, eye movements, pain perception

cerebellar peduncles (bridge)- nerve fiber bundles that connect forebrain to midbrain, carries motor commands

Cerebellum

Motor functioning, learning, motor memory

Damage to lobes can cause limb coordination

Damage to nodes can cause balance problems