El Derecho del Mundo Mediterráneo: De la Antigüedad a Europa

These flashcards cover the key concepts and vocabulary from the lecture on Mediterranean law and its evolution from antiquity to Europe.

Homo sapiens

Human species that appeared approximately 200,000 years ago.

civilización

Complex societies that emerged around the fourth millennium B.C.

tribu

The predominant social organization prior to the formation of cities.

cosmogénesis

The collective vision or understanding of the origins of the universe shared by a community.

parentesco

Kinship that often serves as the foundation for social cohesion in tribal societies.

derecho

A system of rules and principles that governs behavior and maintains social order.

cristianización

The process of integrating Christian beliefs and principles into the legal and social systems of the Roman Empire.

ciudadanía romana

Legal status granting individuals certain rights and duties within the Roman state.

ius civile

The civil law that applies specifically to Roman citizens.

juristas

Legal scholars and experts who shaped the development of law in Roman society.

ley de las XII Tablas

The first attempt to create a code of law in Roman history, marking a foundation for Roman legal traditions.

patria potestas

The authority held by a father over his family in Roman law.

Ecloga

Compilation of legal norms during the Byzantine Empire, reflecting the long-standing Roman legal tradition.

Código de Justiniano

A codification of Roman law ordered by Emperor Justinian, serving as the foundation for legal systems in the Byzantine Empire.

antiquitas

The quality of being ancient, often associated with the legitimacy and authority of the law.

cristiandad

The unity of Christian communities across Europe, particularly after the establishment of Christianity as the state religion of the Roman Empire.

legislación

The process of creating laws, often reflecting the traditions and customs of a society.

derecho canónico

The body of laws and regulations developed or adopted by ecclesiastical authority for governing the church and its members.

nostalgia

A longing for the past, which played a significant role in the perception of earlier legal traditions.

código Gregoriano

A collection of legal texts codified under the rule of Emperor Gregory, part of the larger corpus of Roman law.

declive

The decline in power and influence, particularly relevant to the later stages of the Roman Empire.

romanización

The process of assimilating local cultures into Roman culture, particularly during the expansion of the Empire.