lifeguarding

AED

automatic external defibrillator

AED

analyze heart’s rhythm-

1. turn on

2. remove clothing

3. pull out green tag

4. put pads on chest+abs =seatbelt current

5. cannot use on infants under 1, children need pad on chest and back

BVM

bag valve mask

BVM

self inflating bag you attach to mask-

1. open airway w/ chin thrust

2. one person holds seal one person squeezes bag

3. every 30 compressions 2 squeezes

4. make sure chest rises and falls

backboard

used to immobilize and safely transport spinal injury out of the pool.

1. slide under stabilized patron (head on red)

2. nike check under chin, hand under head, bring arms into cross on chest

3. strap to board + bring to wall

4. prop against wall & apply head blocks + head strap

5. lift patron out of pool

outcomes of drowning

w/o brain damage, w/ brain damage, death

RID factor

why a save doesn’t happen

R- recognize

I- intrusion

D- distraction

water areas

bottom, middle, surface of water

STAAR

S- scan

T- target (someone you are concerned abt)

A- assess (evaluate whether its serious)

A- alert

R- rescue

PPE

P- personal

P- protective

E- equipment

EAP

Emergency Action Plan- survey scene, check for severe bleeding, apply ppe, introduce as lifeguard

DOTS

musculoskeletal injuries-

D- deformities

O- open wounds

T- tenderness

S- swelling

SAMPLE

questions to ask patrons to understand their situation.

S- signs (see) & symptoms (feel)

A- allergies

M- medication

P- past pertinent medical history

L- last intake

E- events leading up to

shock

Body doesnt get enough blood flow, person is confused/uneasy and gets worse (passing out)

Symptoms: pale, cold/clammy skin, rapid breathing/pulse, dizziness, lightheaded, confusion/agitation, nausea/vomiting

Treatment: call ems, lay flat on ground + raise feet, shock blanket, NO food or water

concussion

symptoms: stunned or dazed, headache, nausea, dizziness, vision/memory problems

treatment: call ems, don’t allow patron to do anything that can further hurt them

open wounds (not severe)

direct pressure, wash w/ soap, apply antibiotics, cover area w bandage or gauze

open wounds (severe)

call ems, apply pressure with gauze, pressure bandage (gauze), treat for shock

nose bleed

pinch bridge of nose and tilt head forward over a trash can, if bleeding doesn’t stop seek medical care

knocked out tooth

get person to a dentist asap, find tooth/store in a solution of persons saliva

minor burn treatment

remove any clothing or jewelry near burn, cool burn with cool water (not ice), protect burn loosely with a clean sterile non-stick bandage

minor burn (1st degree)

red, dry, painful skin burn with no blisters Ex) mild sunburn

critical burn (2nd or 3rd)

Red blistered skin (2nd) OR white or charred (3rd) burn

critical burn treatment

call ems, expose burn from clothing, jewelry, cover with light bandage

stroke

when a person doesnt receive blood/oxygen to their brain

FAST

signs of a stroke-

F-face (check for unevenness)

A-arms (close eyes and lift)

S-speech (speak simple sentence)

T-time (keep track of time)

if movement is uneven/slurred call ems

heart attack

symptoms- chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, sweating, dizziness, fear of impending doom, uncertainty, denial

care- call ems asap

hypoglycemia

symptoms- low blood sugar, pale, altered mental status, appearing “drunk”

care- try to raise blood sugar asap Ex) fast acting carbohydrates (fruits)

if it gets not better/worse call ems

simple seizure

symptoms- dont loose conciousness, hallucinations, numbness/tingling, unusual sensations

care- do not restrain person, gently lower to ground, put into recovery position

complex seizure

symptoms- lost consciousness, convulsing

care- move person to safety, do not restrain, if they’re laying down put into recovery position to protect airway, time seizure, stay with them and call ems

shortness of breath/difficulty breathing

care- comfortable breathing position/rescue position, take off restrictive clothing, administer medication (if asthmatic)

allergic reactions

signs/symptoms- swelling, abdominal pain, restriction of airways, altered mental status, skin conditions/rash/redness

care- if carrying epipen give it to them, call ems

insect sting

remove stinger with credit card (go with grain) wash w/ clean water, apply sting relief, can ice sting, bandaid

heat exhaustion

signs/symptoms- pale skin, nausea, vomiting, heavy breathing, minor twitching

care- move to cooler place, have them lay down and raise feet, give water (small sips), if gets worse (transition to heat stroke) call ems

heat stroke

signs/symptoms- pale skin, nausea, vomiting, heavy sweating, minor twitching

care- call ems, get to cooler place, apply cooling, do NOT give anything to eat or drink

hypothermia

signs/symptoms- pale cold skin, shivering, difficulty speaking, altered mental status

later hypothermia- no shivering, slow absent heartbeat

care- get person to warmer place, get dry clothes, cover head and neck, place near heat source, no food/drinks, shock blanket alert ems

spinal injuries

symptoms- cant move, lost feeling, unconscious, numbness, altered mental status

care-

passive- talking to them, guiding them w words not touching

active- helping keep themselves stable

specific eap- 3 individual tweets to indicate spinal injuries, call for backboard, ems

active spinal restriction (support head and neck)

ELITE

E- Engage

L- Look

I- Instruct

T- Time

E- Evaluate

breathing + pulse

ADULT- lay closest arm to you above head, bend furthest knee up, turn body onto side towards you pulling shoulder and chest

BABY- nike check under chin, elbow in between legs, hand under back, flip onto arm to stabilize