BIOCHEM CH.7 Carbohydrates Practice Test

Which of the following monosaccharides is not a aldose?

Fructose

Explain in molecular terms why humans cannot use cellulose as a nutrient but goats and cattle can.

This is due to the lack of the enzyme cellulase which is able to breakdown cellulose. Cattle and goats have this enzyme so they are able to breakdown cellulose.

The reference compound for naming D and L isomers of sugar is

Glyceraldehy

When two carbohydrates are epimers

Which of the following pairs is interconverted in the process of mutaroation?

a-D-glucose & b-D-glucose

Hemoglobin glycation is a process where___ is____attached to hemoglobin?

glucose, non-enzymatically

What chemical feature determines if a suga

What name is given to monosaccharides that differ in confi

What term is given to carbohydrates linked at their anomeric cabrons?

Non-Reducing Sugars

Which O-glycosidic bond is commonly found in amylose, amylopectin and glycogen?

(a1—> 4)

Why are chitin and cellulose hydrophobic, and essentially insoluble in an aqueous media?

They form many internal hydrogen bonds leaving not sites for bonding to water.

Which method can take advantage of the specific function of lectins?

Affinity

Which of the following is an anomeric pair?

a-D-glucose & b-D-glucose

Why is it logical for sugars to be added to only one end of amylopectin or glycogen, making them excellent molecules for glucose storage?

Because there are many non-reducing ends on one molecule, allowing rapid glucose storage and release.

Sephahedrez is a commercial branded homopolysaccharide. It contains a-glycosidic linkages at carbons 2, 3, 4 and 6/ The degree of cross-linking at those carbons can be controlled, yielding holes when the molecule of known size. What method can use such a molecule.

Gel Exclusion Chromotography

Which is used in the laboratory for DNA electrophoresis?

Agarose

A monosaccharide is

either an aldose or ketose

A patient has a genetic defect that causes epithelial cells to produce disaccharides of much lower activity that normal. Compared to a normal person, after eating a bowl of milk and oatmeal. This patient will have higher levels of

maltose, sucrose and lactose in the stool

A student is studying the properties of a glycoprotein on the plasma membrane, which enzyme contains branched heteropolysaccharides. In glycoproteins, the carbohydrate moeity is always attached through the amino acid residues

S, T and N

Which group of carbohydrates is unique in that its members are strong anions, containing a significant concentration of carboxylate and sulfate.

Glycoaminoglycans

Circle the non-reducing sugars in the following

Glyceraldehyde

Lactose

Rubose

Sucrose

Trehalose

Trehalose

In polysaccharides the 2 monosaccharides are joined by

a glycosidic bond

Glycogen

Carbohydrate storage in animal liver

Starch

carbohydrate storage in plants

Trehalose

transport/storage in insects

Hyaluronate

viscosity, lubrication of extracellular secretions

Peptidoglycan

structural component of plant and cell walls

Chitin

exoskeleton of insects

Cellulose

structural component of plant cell walls

Proteoglycan

extracellular matrix of animal tissues

The anomeric carbon is always the first carbon of monosaccharides

False

The product in a linear form

What best describes amylopectin?

Highly branched, branched siz

What best describes amylose?

Unbranched linear polymer with alpha 1-4 glycosidc linkages.

Which forms the exoskeleton of anthropods?

Chitin

What is a major component of plant cell walls?

Cellulose

Where is glycogen stored?

In the muscle and liver

Which of the following is correct for the abbreviated name of the compound in

Gal(b1 4)Glc?

C-4 of glucose is joined to C-1 galactose by a glycosidic bond

Which of the following monosaccharides is/are not an aldose?

Glyceraldehyde

Ribulose

Galactose

Fructose

Glucose

Glyceraldehyde, Galactose, Glucose