Immanuel Kant and the categorical imperative

Immanuel Kant (1724 - 1804

a German philosopher, born in Königsberg (now Kaliningrad, Russia)

Kants concept of the categorical imperative

is a cornerstone of his moral philosophy, emphasizing that moral principles should be universal, rational, and absolute.

The categorical imperative

a command that applies universally and unconditionally, regardless of personal desires or circumstances.

What did Kant Believe ?

that morality is grounded in reason and that humans must act according to principles that could consistently apply to all rational beings.

Universal Law Formulation

"Act only according to that maxim whereby you can, at the same time, will that it should become a universal law."

This means you should only act in a way that could be universally adopted without contradiction.

Humanity as an End Formulation

"Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means."

This emphasizes respecting the inherent dignity of all people and never exploiting others for personal gain.

Autonomy Formulation

"Act so that your will can regard itself as giving universal law through its maxims."

This highlights the idea of moral autonomy, where individuals legislate moral law for themselves through rationality.

Examples of the Categorical Imperative in Action

Telling the Truth, Helping Others in Need, Keeping Promises.

When adhering to the categorical imperative ...

Individuals act according to moral principles that are universally justifiable and respectful of human dignity. This approach seeks to establish an objective basis for ethics, free from personal biases or situational factors.