Gross Motor Skills - Dev Milestones

0-2 months

many reflexes are evident

back rounded and head bobs in supported sitting (poor neck control)

can briefly hold up and turn head side-side in prone; begins to bear weight through forearms

3-5 months

improved head/neck control; props up to elbows in prone

requires trunk support to sit at 3-4 months —> propped with hands around 5 months

brings hands to midline

rolls prone → supine arnd 4 mnths

rolls supine → on side at a time arnd 5 mnths

6-8 months

props self on hands in prone and reaches for toys

sits unsupported

rolls prone → supine and supine → prone

crawling (on tummy) may begin around 8 mnths

9-11 mnths

pulls to stand

bears weight through hands/knees and rocks back/forth

crawling transitions to creeping (on all fours) around 10 months

supported steps - cruising with furniture or steps with both hands held

1 year

independent steps/early walking around 12 months

plays in standing

pulls toys while walking

1.5-2 years

stoops/squats to pick up toys

walks up/down strairs with hand support and one foot at a time

runs stiffly

kicks/flings ball

climbs furniture, playground equipment

2-3 years

jumps

hops on one foot

rides tricycle

catches large ball against chest

3-5 years

skips

balances on one foot

climbs stairs with alternating feet

runs, jumps, and hops with more refined movements