Different types of volcanoes and hotspots

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4 Terms

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Hotspot volcanoes and mantle plumes

  • A hotspot is an area where a hot thermal plume melts the base of the Lithosphere due to high heat and low pressure

  • Magma rises through cracks and forms volcanoes

  • Hotspots do not move as the plates move the magma continues to erupt and cool to farm island chains such as Hawaiian islands

  • Hotspots added further Proof to tectonic theory

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The least dangerous type of volcano

Fissure volcano - Icelandic

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The most dangerous type of volcano

A dome volcano

E.g. Yellowstone, USA

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Types of eruption

  • Icelandic is effusive and gentle

  • Vulcanian Has a high plume

  • Strombolian is explosive

  • Plinian The worst type of eruption Very tall plume, massive area of extent