monuments of Ancient rome FULL SET

latin

common in roman houses in the republic

realistic portrait busts

number of columns of t of castor and pollux

3 columns

2 jobs of t of castor and pollux

ppl spoke from front steps and office of weights and measures in basement

number of columns of t of Saturn

8 columns

built tabularium

catullus

2 jobs of tabularium

records office for treaties and laws and annex of t of saturn’s treasury

location of forum boarium

next to port of rome

forum boarium

cattle market, 1st forum

2 temples in forum boarium

t to Hercules and t of fortuna or portunus

temple in forum boarium

t of fortuna or portunus located

Tiber river 2 bridges

pons aemilius and pons fabricius

island in middle of tiber

Tiber Island location

Tiber Island

shaped like boat, aesculapius god of medicine, saved Rome from plague, now has church and hospital, had an obelisk like a mast

Pons fabricius

built by consul fabricius, connects to island, still intact, called “bridge of 4 heads”, 4 heads of hermes

pons aemilius

bridge not connected to island, not intact

Etruscan

many early kings

king Tarquinius Priscus

chose site of forum

economic, political, legal, religious center of rome

4 jobs of the forum

cloaca maxima

forum drained by

ancient manhole cover of cloaca maxima, face of river god, if put hand in and liar, will bite off hand

mouth of truth

enclosed og city and 7 hills

Servian Wall

divided town into regions, drew 1st roman state constitution

Servius Tullius

b4 forum drained, 1st made of straw and wood, kept burning down so built from stone, undying flame inside

t of vesta

eternity of rome

undying flame symbol

numa pompillius started or Aeneas brought fire from Troy and founded roman ppl

origin of vestals

house of vestals located

east of t of vesta

wills of emperors kept for safety, rectangular, courtyard with 3 ponds and rose garden and statues

House of vestals

chosen by 10 yo, 30 years commitment: 10 learning, 10 performing, 10 teaching novices

vestal virgins

if broke vow, got buried alive; if failed in duties, severely punished

vestals consequences

some think Romulus was made into a god and his gods name is Quirinus

Quirinal hill

forum covers several acres btwn hills

Capitoline and Palatine

now look like stone circles on ground, then made of plastered straw and mud, located on palatine

iron age huts

romulus

rome founded by

emblem of rome, twins added middle ages, etruscan

Sabine Wolf

Tarpeia= daughter of gatekeeper of citadel, opened gates of city to sabines, traitors were thrown from rock

Tarpeian rock

united as 1 ppl

Romulus and Etruscan kings

regia means

palace

who lived in regia 1st

numa pompillius, set up religion

who lived in regia 2nd

pontifex maximus lived

regia had

calendar of sacred days, formula for prayers and sacrifices, records of religious phenomena

regia protected

roof

basilica aemilia built when

1st step in forum

basilica aemilia used

business transactions and protection from heat/cold

basilica aemilia had inside

jewelry/perfume shops on south side, water clock

nearby basilica aemilia

location of circular shrine to cloacina

cloacina

sewer goddess

temple on Capitoline hill

t of Jupiter capitolinus located

t of Jupiter capitolinus

old, etruscan, sibylline books, consuls sworn in during republic, scene of sacrifice, had altar, anaglypha of Trajan commemorating trajan’s annulments of debts of poor, holy trifecta

oratur

master of forum, spoke on rostra during republic

curia was converted

to church

spqr

english: senate and people of Rome latin: senatus populusque romanus

spqr signifies

pride and strength of rome

commitium and lapis Niger located

outside curia

pontifex maximus

head of college of priests

curia Julia had

senators inside, roman ppl outside

on palatine hill later

palaces of emperors

tarpeian rock located

south side of capitoline

t of vesta when

earliest temple in forum

why t of vesta round

similar to huts

t to hercules

round, oldest marble to survive, has inscription to hercules

t of fortuna or portunus

rectangle, Etruscan, dedicated to goddess of fortune or god of port, from republic

hermes’s heads

pons fabricius decorated

why Tiber island shaped like boat

had obelisk like a mast and prow on end of island

t of Jupiter used for

sacrificing holy trifecta of sheep, pigs, bulls

why t of castor and Pollux built

honor of their appearance at forum declaring Romans victory over the tarquins

castor and Pollux’s statues located

back side of capitoline, entrance to Capitoline complex

largo argentina

square built during republic, 20 ft below current rome

in Largo Argentina

T of Lares Permarini located

household gods

Lares

Lares Permarini

prayed to b4 going on boats

cat sanctuary

Largo Argentina job

t of Lares Permarini

6 columns, steps, altar survived

nearby t to Lares Permarini

a Senate podium at the Pompey Theater complex where Caesar was stabbed

where were triumphal processions celebrated

celebrated in forum

mamertine prison

enemies of state kept, had 2 rooms above each other, Tullianum was dungeon/bottom room, saints peter and paul made water apear

appian way

queen of roads, paved, lined with family tombs, went south

burial was

illegal in city

Tomb of Caecilia Metella

large, circular, decorative, was wealthy

Tomb of the Baker

Eurysaces, built of travertine, had circular holes for flour, steps for baking bread on top

job of basilica julia

law courts

cloacina story

virginia killed by father to save her

saturn god of

seatime and abundance

t of Saturn had

statue, legion standards, Treasury in basement

baths of diocletian built when

100 years after baths of caracalla

baths of diocletian

3000 ppl, statue of Laocoon, Trojan priest who was killed, a section of the city and found in a church today

aurelian wall

25 to 35 ft tall, built by emperor aurelian, built against barbarian germans, enclosed all 7 hills, 21 miles long, 17 gates, 383 guard towers

basilica of maxentius and constantine

started by m, ended by c, setting for courts of law, inspired by baths of caracalla, 150 ft tall, largest in Rome, 3 times size of basilica julia, design copied by many buildings today

colossus statue of constantine

in back of basilica of m and c, c defeated m in battle, in museum today

arch of constantine

coin shapes, near colosseum, triumphal arch, base of fountain nearby, pieces from older Monuments used to decorate, depicts battle at milvian bridge

t of romulus

built by romulus, og bronze doors and locks, converted into church

hadrian after

trajan before

hadrian

built pantheon, t to Roma and amor, tomb for him and family

pantheon

dedicated to all gods, back was circle, oculus was 30 ft, walls are 20 ft thick, 2.5 times St Peter, drains on floor, bronze doors originally covered in gold, coffering on inner ceiling to lower weight, has tombs inside

hole in ceiling of pantheon

oculus

t to Venus and rome

greek, columns reerected now

hadrians tomb

veneered in marble, pons aelius, column with Helios statue, Etruscan, Cyprus trees, Castel sant Angelo

hadrians tomb history

1: tomb 2: pope involved, underground tunnel to Vatican 3: prison 4: museum of weaponry

antoninus Pius after

hadrian before

t to Antoninus and faustina

first to wife, then to both, was converted to church, has cross on top, frieze on 2 sides, etruscan

marcus aurelius

equestrian statue, bronze, on geometrical design, stands bc church thought it was christian Constantine, replica outside and real in museum