Life science unit 4

sporophyte

diploid plant that produces spores

gametophyte

haploid plant that produces gametes

diploid

a cell that contains a double set of chromosomes, one from each parent

haploid

cell containing a single set of chromosomes

chlorophyll (a,b,c,d)

principal pigment in the cells of photosynthetic autotrophs that captures light energy

cuticle

noncellular protective coating on the exterior surface of an organism, such as a waxy covering on leaves and insects exoskeletons that helps prevent water loss through evaporation

xylem

vascular tissue that provides support to a plant and conducts water from the roots to all parts of the plant

phloem

vascular tissue responsible for the transport of nutrients and the products of photosynthesis throughout the plant

vascular tissue

specialized tissue that transports water and the products of photosynthesis throughout a plant, xylem and phloem tissue

rhizoid

in fungi, small branching hypha growing downwards from the stolons that anchors the fungus, releases digestive enzymes, and absorbs digested organic material, in bryophytes, rootlike structures that anchors plant to the ground

archegonium

female reproductive structure in some plants, including mosses and liverworts

antheridium

male reproductive structures in some plants, including mosses and liverworts

zygote

fertilized egg cell

bryophyte

Bryophytes are nonvascular seedless plants that include mosses, hornworts, and liverworts.

tracheophyte

defined as any plants belonging to the division Tracheophyta, which includes green plants such as ferns and seed plants. They possess a vascular system that contains specialized water-conducting cells called tracheids.