Factors Affecting Human Health

Health

a state of complete physical, mental and social well being

• physical health: dealing with the body

• mental health: dealing with the mind

Factors Affecting Human Health

human health is affected by interactions between other things

Factors affecting human health: Inherited Factors

• genes

• gender

Factors Affecting Human Health: Enviornmental Factors

• climate

• occupation

Factors Affecting Human Health: Personal Behaviour

• smoking

• alcohol

Micro Organisms

they are small living things

• only visible with a microscope

• found everywhere

• consist of viruses, bacteria, protesta and fungi.

Pathogens

micro organisms that cause disease.

Parasites

living things that get their food from another living thing and usually cause harm

• flea on a dog

• tick on a human

Bacteria

micro-organisms that are made up of a single cell. cause disease and decay and may be used to produce useful substances

Bacteria Diseases

• tuberculosis

• pneumonia

• cholera

• food poisoning

Antibiotics

chemicals ( made by bacteria and fungi) which kill or prevent the reproduction of bacteria

Fungi

simple non green organisms that may be single celled (yeast) or made of many cells.

may cause disease/ decay and some are edible (mushrooms)

• athletes foot

• ringworm

viruses

smallest living things

Viruses

• measles

• AIDS

• Polio

• Covid 19

• Colds/ flus

Antibodies

chemical produced by white blood cells to help our body fight off viruses

Immunisation

the process of being made immune /resistant to a disease

usually after exposure to the disease

vaccination

the introduction of a small, non reproductive dose of a disease into the body to stimulate us to produce antibodies

Gene Disorders

inherited factors are controlled by genes.

single gene disorders

• cystic fibrosis: sticky mucus clogs up in the lungs

• coeliac disease: the body cannot process gluten from wheat

many/ multi gene disorders

• diabetes

• heart disease

Down Syndrome

caused by an extra chromosome in each body cell

factors that speed up the alteration of genes are

• ultra violet radiation

• viruses

• smoking

Diet

a balanced diet includes the right amounts of food types

• carbs

• fats

• protein

• vitamins

• minerals

• water

risks of overeating

• overweight

• risk of heart disease

• diabetes

risks of undereating

• weight loss

• depression

• low blood pressure

Risks of Smoking

• stimulates more mucus - causes smokers cough

• increases the risk or lung/ other cancers

exercise is good for us because

• prevents weight gain/loss

• reduces risk of strokes/ heart attacks / diabetes/ depression

sleep

• improves concentration

• increases energy levels

work/ life balance

• we should take time for relaxation and play

• we should be aware of what makes us happy and allow time for this each day.

alcohol risks

• slows down the working of our brain

• can cause alcohol poisoning - vomitting/ sleepiness/ death

Benefits of Micro Organisms

• produce Antibiotics: made by bacteria & fungi which kill or prevent the reproduction of other bacteria - Penicillin

• food production: micros organisms are made in the making of bread, alcohol and others

reducing the risk of infection

• wash our hands in soap and warm water frequently

• make sure to get all immunisations

• cook food properly

• eat well, exercise and sleep well