Islam Overview

These flashcards cover key concepts, figures, and practices in Islam to help students review important lecture notes.

What is the definition of Islam?

Islam is a way of life in which practitioners stake their lives on, even if it means they must suffer and die.

Who is Muhammad in Islam?

Muhammad (570 - 632 CE) is the last and authoritative prophet, known as the 'seal of the prophets,' who received the Quran from God via Gabriel.

What happened after the death of Muhammad in 632 CE?

After Muhammad's death, a successor needed to be chosen, leading to a split between Sunnis and Shias.

What are the Six Articles of Faith (Iman) in Islam?

The Six Articles of Faith are belief in One God, Angels, Holy Books (Torah, Psalms, Gospel, Quran), Prophets, Day of Judgment, and Predestination.

What is the significance of the Quran in Islam?

The Quran is considered the last and definitive revelation of God's word to humanity.

What is Shari'a in Islam?

Shari'a is the sacred law of Islam derived from the Quran, Sunnah, Ijma, and Qiyas.

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

The Five Pillars include Bearing Witness (Shahadah), Prayer (Salah), Almsgiving (Zakah), Fasting (Sawm), and Pilgrimage (Hajj).

What event marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar?

The Hijrah, or emigration to Medina in 622 CE, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.

What role do angels play in Islam?

Angels are messengers of God, neither male nor female, who continuously praise God and accompany believers.

What is Sufism in Islam?

Sufism is the inner life of Islam, focusing on seeking intimacy with God through spiritual purification.

What significance does the Hajj pilgrimage hold in Islam?

The Hajj pilgrimage is a once-in-a-lifetime obligation for Muslims, taking place during the 12th month of the Islamic calendar.

How is the concept of Jihad interpreted in Islam?

Jihad means 'struggle' and includes both an inner struggle for spiritual growth and outer struggles that have been often misconstrued as 'Holy War.'

What does the term ‘Caliph’ signify in Islamic leadership?

Caliph means 'successor' and is the head of state in a Muslim community, tasked with protecting Islamic teachings.

Who are the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs?

The Four Rightly Guided Caliphs are Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali, recognized for their leadership after Muhammad's death.