Nutrition and Hydration

pureed diet

a diet of food that is blended or grounded food in a thick paste of baby food consistency.

gastrostomy tube

known as g-tube: a tube that is used to feed and provide medications through a gastrostomy - surgical opening into the stomach

thickened liquids

liquids artificially thickened to aid with swallowing - there are 3 types: nectar, honey, and pudding

lactose intolerance

unable to digest lactose

G-tube feeding

a patient with a G-tube will get nutrition through the G-tube (gastrostomy tube) - this is outside of Nursing Assistant scope of practice

aspiration

the inhalation of food, fluid or foreign material into the lungs

feeding

assisting a patient to eat and drink

clear liquid diet

clear liquids - including broth, water, clear juices (no pulp,) clear jello, coffee, etc..

diet

food and drink regularly provided or consumed

digestion

the process of making food absorbable by mechanically and enzymatically breaking it down into simpler chemical compounds in the digestive tract

minerals

an inorganic substance neither animal or vegetable. We need certain minerals for body health

NPO

abbreviation meaning nothing by mouth; medical order that means a person should not have anything to eat or drink

nutrition

how the body uses food to maintain health

peristalsis

successive waves of involuntary contraction passing along the walls of a hollow muscular structure (such as the esophagus or intestine) and forcing the contents onward

transporting food

food will be transported to residents/patients - food needs to stay hot/cold and be covered for safety

vitamins

any of various organic substances that are essential in minute quantities to the nutrition of most animals and some plants, act especially as coenzymes and precursors of coenzymes in the regulation of metabolic processes but do not provide energy or serve as building units, and are present in natural foodstuffs or sometimes produced within the body

anorexia

loss of appetite especially when prolonged

Enteral nutrition/tube feeding

nutrition going directly into the intestines - gastrostomy (g-tube) feedings or nasogastric tube feeding (NG tube)

dysphagia

difficulty swallowing

fluid balance

taking in and eliminating equal amounts of fluid

malnutrition

faulty nutrition due to inadequate or unbalanced intake of nutrients or their impaired assimilation or utilization

therapeutic diet

diets for people who have certain illnesses, conditions, or food allergies; also called modified or special diets

fiber

mostly indigestible material in food (such as legumes, whole grains, and vegetables) that stimulates the intestine to peristalsis and promotes elimination of waste from the large intestine

calorie

a unit equivalent to the large calorie expressing heat-producing or energy-producing value in food when oxidized in the body

carbohydrates

any of various neutral compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (such as sugars, starches, and celluloses) most of which are formed by green plants and which constitute a major class of animal foods

full liquid diet

made up only of fluids and foods that are normally liquid and foods that turn to liquid when they are at room temperature, like ice cream

diabetic diet

a diet that is used by people with diabetes mellitus or high blood sugar to minimize symptoms and dangerous complications of long-term elevations in blood sugar

fasting

is the willful refrainment from eating and sometimes drinking- may be done for religious reasons

mechanical soft diet

a texture-modified diet that restricts foods that are difficult to chew or swallow

What is a g-tube?

• tube that helps to eliminate urine from body

• a tube allowing for nutrients and medications to enter into the body

• an artificial opening into the body

a tube allowing for nutrients and medications to enter into the body

True or False: lactose intolerance is an inability to digest gluten

False

What is health fluid balance?

• more fluid output then intake

• more fluid intake than output

• equal amount of fluid in and out

equal amount of fluid in and out