Africa

15th century

The Age of Exploration, which began in the ________, led to the discovery of new lands and peoples.

Rudyard Kipling

________: An English poet and novelist who wrote extensively about imperialism and colonialism in his work.

Marcus Garvey

________: A Jamaican political leader and advocate for the rights of people of African descent.

Nelson Mandela

________: A South African anti- apartheid revolutionary and political leader who served as the President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

HIV

AIDS in Africa: The ________ /AIDS pandemic has had a devastating impact on Africa, particularly in sub- Saharan countries.

imperialism

It is often used to defend or legitimize ________ and colonialism.

Universal Negro Improvement Association

He (Marcus Garvey) founded the ________, which promoted black pride and self- reliance.

duty

It refers to the supposed ________ of white Europeans to colonize and civilize non- white peoples, particularly in Africa and Asia.

DuBois

________: An American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist who was a leading voice in the Pan- African movement.

Africa

________ faces a number of problems today, including poverty, inequality, political instability, corruption, and conflict.

Apartheid

________: A system of racial segregation and discrimination that was implemented in South Africa from 1948 to 1994.

Real Occupation

________: The actual control and administration of a colony, as opposed to its formal claim by a European power.

Berlin Conference

________: A meeting held in 1884- 1885, where European powers met to divide Africa among themselves, without regard for the existing political boundaries or the rights of the indigenous peoples.

Pan Africanism

________: A movement that seeks to unify and empower people of African descent, both in Africa and in the diaspora.

foreign aid

Africa is dependent on ________ for a number of reasons, including economic underdevelopment, lack of infrastructure, and political instability.

Nationalism

________: A political and social ideology that emphasizes the importance of a shared national identity and the promotion of the interests of a particular nation.

Border Disputes

________ in Africa: Conflicts over the demarcation and control of national borders, which have been a source of tension in many African countries.

European competition

Scramble for Africa: The period of intense ________ for control of Africa that followed the Berlin Conference.

Relative Power

________: The concept that refers to the power or influence of one country or group compared to others.

World War

________ I Impact: The effects of World War I on the independence movement in Africa were significant.

Relative Power

The concept that refers to the power or influence of one country or group compared to others

Moral Justification

The use of moral or ethical reasoning to justify actions or policies

"White Mans Burden"

A phrase popularized by Rudyard Kipling in his 1899 poem of the same name

Rudyard Kipling

An English poet and novelist who wrote extensively about imperialism and colonialism in his work

Berlin Conference

A meeting held in 1884-1885, where European powers met to divide Africa among themselves, without regard for the existing political boundaries or the rights of the indigenous peoples

Real Occupation

The actual control and administration of a colony, as opposed to its formal claim by a European power

Scramble for Africa

The period of intense European competition for control of Africa that followed the Berlin Conference

Nationalism

A political and social ideology that emphasizes the importance of a shared national identity and the promotion of the interests of a particular nation

Pan-Africanism

A movement that seeks to unify and empower people of African descent, both in Africa and in the diaspora

W.E.B. DuBois

An American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist who was a leading voice in the Pan-African movement

Apartheid

A system of racial segregation and discrimination that was implemented in South Africa from 1948 to 1994

Nelson Mandela

A South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and political leader who served as the President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999

First African Country to Gain Independence

Ghana, which gained independence from British colonial rule in 1957

Border Disputes in Africa

Conflicts over the demarcation and control of national borders, which have been a source of tension in many African countries

AIDS in Africa

The HIV/AIDS pandemic has had a devastating impact on Africa, particularly in sub-Saharan countries

African Union (Objectives)

a regional organization that aims to promote cooperation and unity among African countries. It has several objectives, including the promotion of peace, security, and stability on the continent; the acceleration of economic integration; and the protection of human rights.

**How did the Age of Exploration and Consumer Culture lead to the Slave Trade?**

began in the 15th century, led to the discovery of new lands and peoples. As European powers sought to establish colonies and trade routes, they began to capture and enslave people, particularly in Africa, to work on their new settlements. Consumer culture, which developed as European economies grew

World War I Impact

significant. The war weakened European colonial powers and led to a shift in global power dynamics. This allowed for the emergence of nationalist movements in Africa and the beginning of the decolonization process.

World War II Impact

even more significant than those of World War I. The war further weakened European colonial powers and increased pressure on them to grant independence to their African colonies. It also led to the emergence of more powerful and influential nationalist movements in Africa.

Cold War Impact

had a major impact on the independence movement in Africa, as the superpowers of the United States and Soviet Union competed for influence in the region. This led to the support of various independence movements and the emergence of new states, but also to proxy wars, civil war and political instability in some countries.

**Why is Africa dependent on foreign aid?**

a number of reasons, including economic underdevelopment, lack of infrastructure, and political instability. This dependence can affect the continent in a number of ways, such as making it more vulnerable to external influence, limiting its ability to make independent decisions, and perpetuating poverty and inequality.

**What problems does Africa face today?**

poverty, inequality, political instability, corruption, and conflict. Many countries also struggle with issues related to governance, human rights, and economic development. Climate change and its impacts are also a major concern.

**What are some “reasons for hope” for Africa?**

The emergence of a growing middle class, the development of new technologies and industries, and the continued growth of civil society and grassroots movements. There are also many innovative solutions and projects being developed to address the continent's problems, from sustainable agriculture to renewable energy. Additionally, Africa is home to a vibrant youth population with a growing sense of entrepreneurship and innovation, which can be leveraged to drive the continent forward.