Life Science - Chapter 8

mutation

lehtal mutations

gene mutation

somatic mutations

germ mutation

chromosomal change

diploid

A ___ is a change in an organism’s genetic makeup.

mutation

What are mutations that result in death called?

lethal mutations

Explain why somatic mutations are not passed on to the next generation.

Somatic mutations do not occur in the cells that form gametes.

Were all of Queen Victoria’s children equally affected by hemophilia?

No. Of her 9 children, one son was a hemophiliac and 2 daughters were carriers. The others were unaffected.

What does diploid mean?

It indicates that an organism has 2 complete sets of chromosomes.

What type of mutation usually causes Down syndrome?

a ploidy mutation characterized by having 3 copies of the 21st (sometimes the 22nd) chromosome rather than just 2 copies

selective breeding

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inbreeding

breed

crossbreeding

genetic engineering

Human Genome Project

To produce a litter of purebred dogs, would you mate a poodle with a poodle or a poodle with a beagle?

a poodle with a poodle

Does cross breeding usually produce breeds or hybrids?

hybrids

Natural human clones are called ____.

identical twins

What is the purpose of the Human Genome Project

to find and identify the location of all human genes on the chromosomes and to match the genes with specific human traits

Since the fall of mankind, creation has…

undergone degeneration

Any change is an organism’s genetic material is…

a mutation

A mutation that is the result of a change in the order of the bases in a segment of DNA is called a ___.

gene mutation

Mutations that are passed on to the following generation are called ____.

germ mutations

True/False. Mutations can occur at any time.

True. They can occur at any time.

True/False. Inbreeding and crossbreeding are both examples of selective breeding.

True. They both are.

True/False. Biotechnology has been used for 1,000s of years.

True. It has been used that long.

A clone is a…

group of organisms that have identical genetic makeup.

Fraternal twins

have the the same parents, but not identical

True/False. According to the text, genetic engineering on humans is never acceptable.

True or False. It’s up to the Christian to read the Bible and pray and decide what they feel God says about it.

The 2 major changes to the earth, as recorded in Scripture, are the Fall (or curse) and the ____.

Flood

True/False. Because of modern medical advances, humans live much longer than they did in the time of Abraham and the other patriarchs.

False. They actually live a lot less.

The term mutation refers to any change in an organism's ____ material.

genetic

Which type of mutation can be passed on to the offspring - a germ mutation or a somatic mutation?

a germ mutation

The term ___ refers to chromosomes that occur in pairs.

diploid

In ___ breeding, a breeder chooses organisms with desirable traits and breeds them, hoping to reproduce those same traits in the offspring.

selective

True/False. The mating of an organism with its close relatives is called inbreeding.

True. That is what it’s called.

Which of these is NOT an example of a breed - a German shepherd, a racoon, or a shorthorn cow.

a racoon

The opposite of inbreeding is ___, which is the crossing of different varieties in the attempt to get the best traits from both parents.

crossbreeding

True/False. Christians should reject genetic engineering on humans the Bible forbids it.

Maybe? The Bible doesn’t mention genetic engineering since it wasn’t around then, but there are verses that could suggest it would be sinful, and one verse that would make it possibly okay. A Christian should read the Bible for himself and decide that with prayer and the Lord.