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What binds the start codon during initiation?
Initiator tRNA (Met or fMet)
Where does the initiator tRNA first bind on the ribosome?
P site
What happens at the A site?
Incoming aminoacyl-tRNA binds.
What catalyzes peptide bond formation?
rRNA (peptidyl transferase, 23S/28S)
What happens at the E site?
Empty tRNA exits the ribosome.
What recognizes stop codons?
Release factors
What is the Shine-Dalgarno sequence used for?
Prokaryotic initiation (ribosome binding)
How do eukaryotes initiate translation?
Ribosome scans from 5' cap to first AUG
What is rRNA's role in the ribosome?
It performs catalysis (ribozyme)