Molecular Biology: Translation Initiation, Elongation, and Termination Mechanisms

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9 Terms

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What binds the start codon during initiation?

Initiator tRNA (Met or fMet)

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Where does the initiator tRNA first bind on the ribosome?

P site

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What happens at the A site?

Incoming aminoacyl-tRNA binds.

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What catalyzes peptide bond formation?

rRNA (peptidyl transferase, 23S/28S)

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What happens at the E site?

Empty tRNA exits the ribosome.

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What recognizes stop codons?

Release factors

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What is the Shine-Dalgarno sequence used for?

Prokaryotic initiation (ribosome binding)

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How do eukaryotes initiate translation?

Ribosome scans from 5' cap to first AUG

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What is rRNA's role in the ribosome?

It performs catalysis (ribozyme)