diabetes and blood glucose concentration

What is type 1 diabetes?

An autoimmune disease where the beta cells in the pancreas are destroyed, preventing the release of insulin.

What are the consequences of no insulin being released in type 1 diabetes?

High blood glucose concentrations.

What characterizes type 2 diabetes?

Insulin is produced but not recognized by the cells, resulting in it remaining in the bloodstream.

What happens to insulin in type 2 diabetes?

The body is resistant to insulin, meaning it doesn't work effectively.

How is type 1 diabetes treated?

With regular insulin injections.

How is type 2 diabetes managed?

By controlling diet and exercise.

What is another name for type 1 diabetes?

Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM).

When does type 1 diabetes typically onset?

Usually during childhood (early onset).

What is the cause of type 1 diabetes?

Destruction of beta cells due to an autoimmune condition.

What is the treatment requirement for type 1 diabetes?

Requires insulin injections to regulate blood glucose.

What is another name for type 2 diabetes?

Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM).

When does type 2 diabetes typically onset?

Usually during adulthood (late onset).

What is the cause of type 2 diabetes?

Down-regulation of insulin receptors.

How is type 2 diabetes treated?

Controlled by diet and lifestyle management.

How does the pancreas regulate blood glucose levels?

By releasing insulin when blood sugar rises and glucagon when blood sugar drops.

What role does insulin play in blood glucose regulation?

Promotes glucose uptake by tissue cells and stimulates glycogen formation in the liver.

What does glucagon do when blood sugar drops?

Stimulates the liver to break down glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream.

What can lead to chronically elevated blood glucose levels?

Disruptions to the balance of insulin and glucagon, such as destruction of beta cells in type 1 diabetes or insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.