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What thing helped early land plants get nutrients from rocks (I literally cannot understand what this question was)
Fungi
The sperm of these organisms do not swim through water
Gymnosperms
What is the term for the waxy layer on plants
Cuticle
In vascular plants what is the dominant generation
sporophyte
What are some advantages of seeds for the offspring
They are reproductive structures that provide nourishment, protection, and dispersal and do not attract pollinators
What phylum contains the most successful gymnosperms
Coniferphyta
In the phylum Sphenophyta; these have joint vertical stems and whirls of scalelike leaves
Horsetails
What are fiddleheads characteristics of
Ferns
What's the primary function of fruit
Provides protection to the seed and allows seeds to be dispersed
What does the xylem transport
Water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
What is sphagnum moss often used for
Retaining water and enriching the soil
What is missing in nonvascular plants
Xylem and Phloem, vascular tissue, true roots, stems, and leaves
What's the definition of a seed
A plant embryo inside a protective coat
What are the ecological role of mosses
They can grow in areas where fires destroyed plants, prevent soil erosion, accumulates inorganic and organic matter
Explain what a bryophyte is
Nonvascular plants that grow in moist areas
Three characteristics of vascular plants
Vascular tissue, true roots, stems and leaves, xylem and phloem, alteration of generations
True roots, stems, and leaves are characteristics of all seed plants
True
Which of the following phylum of plants produces seeds
Coniferphyta
If a plant has a flower what is it
angiosperm
What are some functions of spores and seeds
Disperse, and provide protection
How is green algae different from plants
Green algae requires water and it does not have cuticles, algae does not have structural support or stems
Why do nonvascular plants have to live in moist areas
Reproduction and they don't have roots or stems to take in or transport water
Name 3 bryophytes
Moss, liverwort, hornwort
Characteristics of bryophytes
Needs to live in moist areas, don't have true roots, leaves, or stems
Which plant phylum contains the tallest and most massive plant
Coniferphyta
Are conifers seedless or seed plants
seed
How come conifers can live in high elevations with cold surface areas
The needles don't fall off and have a smaller surface area that can be harmed